Tag: current affairs

Edusprint Youtube Channel : Edusprint Academy

We at Edusprint Academy are committed to bringing you the most relevant and updated 12th December current affairs 2024, curated from trusted and official sources. These updates are designed to keep you ahead in your exam preparation journey.

Our comprehensive Current Affairs December 2024 coverage aims to enhance your knowledge and boost your scores in Banking, Insurance, SSC, Railways, UPSC, and all State Government Exams. Explore our Current Affairs tailored to simplify your exam preparation.

National news

India to have its own space station by 2035 and an Indian will land on moon by 2040

In a landmark announcement, Dr. Jitendra Singh, the Minister of State for Science and Technology, revealed that India is on track to achieve major milestones in its space exploration endeavors. Speaking at a press conference in New Delhi focused on the ‘Achievements of all Science Ministries,’ Dr. Singh outlined the government’s ambitious plans to establish India’s own space station, the ‘Bharat Antariksha Station,’ by 2035, and to successfully send an Indian astronaut to the moon by 2040.

Key Highlights of the Announcement:

1. Bharat Antariksha Station (India’s Space Station by 2035):

• India is set to develop and operationalize its own space station within the next decade.
• This initiative reflects the country’s growing self-reliance and advancements in space technology.
• The space station will play a critical role in supporting advanced scientific experiments and international collaborations.

2. Indian Lunar Mission by 2040:

• The Minister affirmed that an Indian astronaut will land on the moon by 2040.
• This builds on India’s recent successes in space exploration, such as the Chandrayaan-3 mission, which demonstrated the country’s capability for lunar landings.

Note: Dr. Jitendra Singh, the Minister of State for Science and Technology

Nitin Gadkari Inaugurates bauma CONEXPO INDIA 2024, Highlights Vision for Viksit Bharat

Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways, Nitin Gadkari, reaffirmed the Central Government’s commitment to building a self-reliant India and achieving the goal of a 5-trillion-dollar economy. Speaking at the inauguration of the 7th Edition of bauma CONEXPO INDIA 2024 at the India Expo Mart in Greater Noida, Gautam Buddh Nagar, the minister emphasized the role of world-class highway networks in driving the nation’s growth and development.

Key Highlights of the Speech:

1. Vision for a Self-Reliant India:

• The government is working toward achieving the vision of Viksit Bharat (Developed India) by 2047, aligning with the goals of infrastructure development and economic growth.
• India’s exports have shown significant growth over the last decade, indicating a robust trajectory toward achieving these ambitious goals.

2. Logistics Cost Reduction:

• Mr. Gadkari pointed out that the current logistics cost in India stands at 14-16% of GDP.
• The government aims to reduce this to 9% within the next two years, a move that will enhance India’s competitiveness in the global market.

3. Infrastructure as a Growth Catalyst: India is focusing on developing world-class highway networks, which are pivotal for reducing travel time, increasing connectivity, and improving economic efficiency.

bauma CONEXPO INDIA 2024:

The exhibition is a premier platform for showcasing advancements in the construction, building materials, and mining machinery industries.

• Participation: Over 1,000 exhibitors are showcasing 20,000 products, including live machinery demonstrations.
• Focus Areas: Innovations in sustainable construction, advanced machinery, and technological developments in infrastructure.

Note: Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways, Nitin Gadkari

India’s Nuclear Power Capacity Doubles in a Decade, Set to Triple by 2031: Union Minister Jitendra Singh

India has achieved remarkable growth in its nuclear power generation capacity, which has increased from 4,780 megawatts in 2014 to 8,180 megawatts in 2024, nearly doubling over the past decade. This achievement was highlighted by Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh during a session of the Lok Sabha today. The minister elaborated on the advancements and future potential of India’s nuclear energy program while discussing the country’s broader energy strategy.

Key Highlights of Dr. Jitendra Singh’s Address:

1. Revised Power Distribution Framework:

• India has implemented a revised formula for distributing electricity generated from atomic plants:
• 50% of power is allocated to the home state.
• 35% is distributed to neighboring states.
• 15% is reserved for the national grid.
• This new system ensures equitable resource distribution, fostering cooperation among states and reflecting the federal spirit of the country.

2. Future Growth in Nuclear Power:

• India’s nuclear power generation capacity is projected to triple to 22,480 megawatts by 2031-32.
• This significant expansion underscores the country’s commitment to enhancing its energy infrastructure and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.

3. Progress in the Atomic Energy Program:

• The minister highlighted the robust progress in India’s atomic energy sector, which has become a critical pillar of the country’s sustainable development goals.
• India is focusing on expanding its fleet of reactors and leveraging indigenous technology to scale up nuclear energy production.

International news

Bangladesh: Mitali Express returns to India after 5 months

The Mitali Express, a prominent inter-country train connecting Dhaka (Bangladesh) and New Jalpaiguri (India), has resumed operations, returning to India after being suspended for nearly five months. This comes as a significant development amid improved conditions following the suspension of inter-country rail services due to political unrest in Bangladesh.

• Re-entry into India: The train rakes returned to India through the Chilahati-Haldibari border in Cooch Behar District, West Bengal, under heightened security arrangements.
• Reason for Suspension: Services were suspended due to the deteriorating law and order situation in Bangladesh, which affected the safe movement of passengers and trains.
• Timeline: The Mitali Express originally departed from New Jalpaiguri to Dhaka on July 17, 2024. However, it was unable to return, as the Indian Railways suspended all three inter-country passenger trains for an indefinite period in response to the unrest.

Bangladesh:

• Capital: Dhaka
• Currency: Bangladeshi Taka
• Official language: Bengali
• President: Mohammed Shahabuddin

Banking news

Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) 5th Bi-Monthly Monetary Policy (FY25)

The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) convened from 4th December to 6th December 2024, during which the 5th Bi-Monthly Monetary Policy for Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) was released.

Economic Growth and GDP Projections:

• The RBI revised India’s GDP growth forecast for FY25 down to 6.6%, compared to the earlier projection of 7.2%.
• For Q3 FY25, the real GDP growth projection is at 6.8%, and for Q4 FY25, it is 7.2%.
• Looking ahead, the RBI forecasts real GDP growth for Q1 FY26 at 6.9% and Q2 FY26 at 7.3%.

Inflation Projections: The FY25 inflation estimate has been raised to 4.8%, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) expected to remain elevated during Q3 of FY25.

Monetary Policy Measures:

• CRR Reduction: The Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) has been reduced to 4% to ease anticipated liquidity stress in the banking system.
• Credit Line on UPI: The RBI has allowed Small Finance Banks (SFBs) to offer pre-sanctioned credit lines via the Unified Payments Interface (UPI).
• Collateral-Free Loans for Farmers: The RBI increased the collateral-free loan limit for farmers from Rs 1.6 lakh to Rs 2 lakh, providing greater access to credit.
• Digital Fraud Prevention: The RBI unveiled MuleHunter, a new initiative designed to prevent digital frauds, enhancing the security of digital transactions.
• Foreign Exchange (FX) and Retail Platform: The RBI will link the FX-Retail platform to NPCI Bharat Connect, expanding access to the foreign exchange market for retail participants.
• New Benchmark – SORR: The RBI will introduce a new benchmark, SORR (Secured Overnight Repo Rate), based on secured money markets, to strengthen market mechanisms and offer a reliable reference rate.

RBI:

• Founded: 1 April 1935, Kolkata
• Headquarters: Mumbai
• Governor: Sanjay Malhotra

Deutsche Bank Provides Sustainability-Linked Loan to SMFG India Credit Company

On December, 2024, Deutsche Bank AG, India, announced that it has provided a €91 million loan (approximately Rs 813 crore) to SMFG India Credit Company Limited (SMICC), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Japan-based Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group (SMFG). The loan is part of Deutsche Bank’s Sustainable Finance framework and aims to support the growth of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in India, particularly in underserved areas.

Key Points of the Loan:

Sustainability-linked Loan: The loan is sustainability-linked, meaning it aligns with Deutsche Bank’s Sustainable Finance framework criteria. This framework ensures that the funding supports projects that have a positive environmental or social impact.

Loan Details:

• The loan is provided for a period of 3 years and was facilitated through Deutsche Bank’s Gujarat International Financial Tec-City (GIFT City) branch in Gandhinagar, Gujarat.
• SMICC intends to use the funds primarily to support MSMEs and extend its operations in rural areas.

Impact on Women Entrepreneurs: A key focus of the loan is to empower women entrepreneurs in semi-urban and rural areas, ensuring greater financial inclusion and economic empowerment.

SMICC’s Goals: The loan will not only help expand SMICC’s portfolio but also provide much-needed financial support to MSMEs, especially in rural and underserved areas.

About the Companies:

Deutsche Bank AG:

• CEO: Christian Sewing
• Headquarters: Frankfurt, Germany
• Established: 1870

Deutsche Bank is a leading global financial services provider offering a range of services including investment banking, asset management, and corporate banking.

SMFG India Credit Company Limited (SMICC):

• CEO & MD: Shantanu Mitra
• Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Established: 2007 (formerly known as Fullerton India Credit Co. Ltd (FICCL))

SMICC is a Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) providing a range of financial products and services, including loans to MSMEs, primarily in rural and semi-urban areas.

Award news

Dr. US Awasthi Wins Rochdale Pioneers Award 2024

Dr. Udai Shanker Awasthi, Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative Limited (IFFCO), has been honored with the prestigious Rochdale Pioneers Award 2024 by the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA). This award recognizes Awasthi’s exceptional contributions to the cooperative sector in India.

Key Highlights:

Award Presentation: The award was presented to Dr. Awasthi by Ariel Guarco, President of ICA, during the ICA Global Conference 2024 in New Delhi, Delhi.

Historical Significance: Dr. Awasthi is the second Indian to receive this esteemed award. The first recipient was Verghese Kurien, widely regarded as the Father of the White Revolution, who received the award in 2001.

About the Rochdale Pioneers Award: The ICA established the Rochdale Pioneers Award in 2000 to honor individuals or cooperative organizations that have made remarkable contributions to innovative and financially sustainable cooperative initiatives.

Dr. Awasthi’s Leadership at IFFCO:

• Dr. Awasthi joined IFFCO in 1976 as a chemical engineer. Under his leadership:
• The production capacity of IFFCO grew by 292%.
• The net worth of the cooperative surged by 688%.

His leadership has been pivotal in positioning IFFCO as a global leader in the cooperative sector.

Other Honors: In December 2024, Dr. Awasthi was also recognized as the ‘Fertilizer Man of India’ during the 8th National Convention of Sahakar Bharati in Amritsar, Punjab.

IFFCO’s Global Ranking: According to the World Cooperative Monitor (WCM) Report 2023, IFFCO ranks first among the top 300 cooperatives globally, underscoring the cooperative’s success under Awasthi’s leadership.

IFFCO:

• CEO: Dr. Udai Shanker Awasthi (1993–)
• Headquarters: New Delhi
• Founded: 3 November 1967, New Delhi

Appointment news

John Dramani Mahama Elected as President of Ghana for the Second Time

On December, 2024, John Dramani Mahama, the political leader of the National Democratic Congress (NDC), was elected as the President of Ghana for a second term. He won the Presidential election by securing 60.9% of the votes, defeating the Vice President Mahamudu Bawumia, the candidate from the New Patriotic Party (NPP).

About Ghana:

• President- Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo
• Capital- Accra
• Currency- Ghanaian Cedi (GHS)

Shammi Silva Becomes 29th President of the Asian Cricket Council (ACC)

On December , 2024, Shammi Silva, the head of Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC), was elected as the 29th President of the Asian Cricket Council (ACC). He succeeds Jay Shah from India, who became the Chairman of the International Cricket Council (ICC) on December 1, 2024.

About the Asian Cricket Council (ACC):

• Established: 1983
• Objective: The ACC is dedicated to promoting and developing the sport of cricket in Asia. It operates as a subordinate body to the International Cricket Council (ICC).
• Headquarters: Colombo, Sri Lanka
• New President: Shammi Silva (Sri Lanka)

Pankaj Tripathi Appointed Festival Ambassador for Arunachal Rang Mahotsav 2024

In 2024, renowned Indian actor Pankaj Tripathi was appointed as the Festival Ambassador for the Arunachal Rang Mahotsav 2024 (ARM2024). This festival is the largest international theatre festival in Northeast India.

Dates: The 2nd edition of ARM was held from 22nd November to 5th December 2024 at Indira Gandhi Park in Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh.

Organizers: The festival was organized by ARM in collaboration with the Arunachal Pradesh Literary Society (APLS) and sponsored by the Tourism Department of Arunachal Pradesh.

Key Highlights of ARM2024:

• Opening Ceremony: The opening ceremony was attended by Pema Khandu, the Chief Minister (CM) of Arunachal Pradesh, Chowna Mein, the Deputy CM, and other dignitaries.
• Festival Features: The 15-day festival included various cultural performances such as proscenium theatre, street plays, and intimate stage productions.
• International Participation: ARM 2024 showcased performances from five countries—Poland, USA, Nepal, Taiwan, and India—making it a significant international theatre event in the region.

Arunachal Pradesh:

• Capital: Itanagar (Executive Branch)
• Chief minister: Pema Khandu
• Governor: Kaiwalya Trivikram Parnaik

Science and tech news

Amara Raja Infra Develops India’s First Green Hydrogen Fueling Station in Leh

In a significant leap towards green mobility and sustainable energy, Union Minister Manohar Lal Khattar, who heads the Ministry of Power (MoP) and Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA), inaugurated India’s first green hydrogen fueling station in Leh, Ladakh in November 2024. Developed by Amara Raja Infra Private Limited, a Hyderabad-based company, the station was commissioned for NTPC Limited (formerly National Thermal Power Corporation).

Key Features of the Hydrogen Fueling Station

• Green Hydrogen Production: The station produces 80 kg of green hydrogen (GH2) daily, marking a technological achievement in an area with extreme altitude (3,400 meters above sea level) and temperature variations ranging from -25°C to 30°C.
• Clean Energy Deployment: NTPC has deployed five hydrogen fuel cell buses in the Leh region, providing emission-free public transport in this ecologically sensitive area.

Significance of the Project

• Emission-Free Mobility: The initiative aims to reduce pollution in the high-altitude region of Ladakh, which is vulnerable to climate change, by promoting clean, sustainable transport.
• India’s Leadership in Green Mobility: The project aligns with India’s National Hydrogen Energy Mission (NGHM), underscoring the country’s commitment to large-scale green hydrogen mobility and storage solutions.
• Precursor for Expansion:This pioneering project lays the groundwork for the development of large-scale hydrogen energy infrastructure across India.

Renewable Energy Boost: In addition to the hydrogen station, NTPC has been actively scaling up its renewable energy portfolio. In October 2024, JSW Renew Energy signed a 700 MW solar power purchase agreement with NTPC, further bolstering India’s renewable energy capacity.

Award news

Ecologist Madhav Gadgil honoured with UNEP Champions of Earth Award

Veteran Indian ecologist Madhav Gadgil has been chosen as one of the six persons/institutions to be honoured with the prestigious 2024 United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) ‘Champions of the Earth’ award.

• Madhav Gadgil, along with Brazilian Sonia Guajajara, Lu Qi of China, Amy Bowers Cordalis of the USA, Gabriel Paun of România, and the Egyptian environmental organisation Sekem, has been chosen for this year  ‘Champions of the Earth’ award in various categories.
• The ‘Champions of the Earth award is considered the United Nation’s highest environmental honour.

About that award:

The Champions of the Earth Award is an annual recognition established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in 2005. It honors individuals or organizations that have made significant contributions to addressing global environmental challenges, including Climate Change, Biodiversity and Nature Loss, and Pollution and Waste. The award is presented in four categories: Policy Leadership, Science and Innovation, Entrepreneurial Vision, and Inspiration and Action, with a Lifetime Achievement Award for exceptional contributions. To date, 116 individuals and organizations, including 7 world leaders, have been honored.

The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) was established in 1972 following the first global summit on the environment in Stockholm, Sweden. UNEP is headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya, and works to foster global cooperation in tackling environmental issues, with 193 member countries.

Sports news

Khelo India Winter Games 2025 set to showcase Winter Games across Ladakh and Jammu & Kashmir

The Khelo India Winter Games (KIWG) 2025 are set to take place in Ladakh and Jammu & Kashmir across two distinct phases, showcasing India’s growing focus on winter sports. The announcement highlights the government’s commitment to fostering talent for international events, including the 2026 Winter Olympics.

Event Schedule and Details

1. Ladakh (Ice Events):

• Dates: January 23–27, 2025
• Key Sports: Ice Hockey, Ice Skiing

2. Jammu & Kashmir (Snow Events):

• Dates: February 22–25, 2025
• Key Sports: Alpine Skiing, Nordic Skiing, Ski Mountaineering, Snowboarding

Ministerial Highlights

Union Sports Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya expressed enthusiasm about the games, emphasizing:

• The role of the KIWG in identifying and nurturing talent for the 2026 Winter Olympics.
• The need to promote winter sports and inspire athletes, particularly from remote Himalayan regions, to take up skiing and skating.
• The encouraging participation of athletes from rural and remote areas, reflecting the inclusivity of the KIWG.

Edusprint Youtube Channel : Edusprint Academy

We at Edusprint Academy are committed to bringing you the most relevant and updated 11th December current affairs 2024, curated from trusted and official sources. These updates are designed to keep you ahead in your exam preparation journey.

Our comprehensive Current Affairs December 2024 coverage aims to enhance your knowledge and boost your scores in Banking, Insurance, SSC, Railways, UPSC, and all State Government Exams. Explore our Current Affairs tailored to simplify your exam preparation.

National news

Flipkart and DPIIT Collaborate to Boost India’s Startup Ecosystem

Flipkart has partnered with the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) to accelerate the growth of tech startups across India. This collaboration builds on Flipkart’s initiatives, including the Flipkart Leap and Ventures program, backed by a $100 million fund.

Support for Startups:

• Investment and mentorship for startups via Flipkart’s $100 million venture fund.
• Assistance in scaling operations, with resources and international expansion opportunities.

Access to Government Resources: Startups gain access to government market research, datasets, and fast-tracked patent applications.

Focus on Innovation:

• Accelerator program aids in prototype development.
• Supports the Startup India initiative.

Vision and Impact

• Strengthening India’s Global Position: Promotes a thriving entrepreneurial ecosystem, turning ideas into impactful solutions and bolstering India’s innovation leadership globally.
• Flipkart’s Goals: Facilitates breakthrough innovations to enhance India’s business and technology sectors.
• Leadership Note: Rajneesh Kumar, Chief Corporate Affairs Officer, highlighted the collaboration as a step toward unlocking opportunities for India’s global technology and business growth.

NOTE: Shri Amardeep Singh Bhatia is the Secretary of the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)

Gujarat CM Launches Mukhyamantri Paushtik Alpahar Yojana (Nutritious Snack Scheme)

On December , 2024, Bhupendra Patel, the Chief Minister (CM) of Gujarat, launched the Mukhyamantri Paushtik Alpahar Yojana, aimed at improving the health, nutrition, and educational outcomes of students. This scheme is in line with Gujarat’s vision of fostering a healthy, educated future generation and will officially begin on December 11, 2024.

Key Details:

• Objective: The initiative is part of the Suposhit Gujarat Mission and complements the ongoing Prime Minister Poshan Yojana (PM Midday Meal Scheme). It aligns with PM Narendra Modi’s vision of ‘Padhai Bhi, Poshan Bhi’.
• Target Group: The scheme will provide nutritious breakfasts to students from Balvatika (pre-primary) to Grade 8, ensuring no child enters the classroom on an empty stomach.
• Operational Details: The nutritious snacks will be served immediately after the morning prayer before educational activities begin.

Financials:

The state government will incur an annual cost of Rs 617 crore for the implementation of the scheme.

• Rs 493 crore will be allocated for material costs.
• Rs 124 crore will be used to increase staff honorariums.

Additionally, the honorarium for staff working under the PM Poshan Yojana will also see a 50% increase as part of this initiative.

This scheme aims to support students’ well-being, ensuring they are well-nourished to perform better academically.

Gujarat:

• Capital: Gandhinagar
• Governor: Acharya Devvrat
• Chief minister: Bhupendra Patel

Economy news

S&P Global Maintains 6.8% Growth Forecast for FY25

S&P Global has maintained its projection for India’s GDP growth at 6.8% for FY25, despite a weaker-than-expected 5.4% growth in Q2FY25. This forecast comes in the wake of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) lowering its own growth estimate to 6.6%. The credit rating agency anticipates a modest monetary policy easing by the RBI in 2025, with a 50 basis points reduction in the repo rate. S&P’s optimistic outlook is driven by strong urban consumption, steady service sector growth, and infrastructure investments.

Growth Projections

• FY25: Maintains a GDP growth forecast of 6.8%, despite a slower Q2 growth of 5.4%.
• FY26: Anticipates a slight increase to 6.9%.

Key Factors

• Drivers: Strong urban consumption, robust service sector growth, and infrastructure investments.
• Comparison with RBI: Higher than the RBI’s revised estimate of 6.6% for FY25.

Monetary Policy Outlook

• RBI expected to ease monetary policy in 2025 with a 50 basis points repo rate cut.
• Retail inflation forecast: 4.5%, slightly below the RBI’s estimate.

Appointment news

Sanjay Malhotra Appointed as New RBI Governor

On December 9, 2024, the Government of India appointed Sanjay Malhotra, the Revenue Secretary in the Ministry of Finance (MOF), as the new Governor of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). He takes over from Shaktikanta Das, the second longest-serving RBI Governor, and becomes the 26th Governor of the institution.

Key Details:

• Approval: The appointment was approved by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) and notified by the Department of Personnel and Training (DOPT), Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pension (MOP).
• Tenure: Sanjay Malhotra’s tenure as RBI Governor begins on December 11, 2024, and will last for three years.

Roles and Responsibilities of the RBI Governor:

• Monetary Policy Formulation: The Governor is responsible for creating and executing policies that control inflation and foster economic growth, aiming to maintain monetary stability.
• Bank Licensing: The Governor oversees the issuance of licenses for new foreign and private banks, regulating the banking sector in India.
• Interest Rate Control: The Governor plays a key role in controlling interest rates, ensuring economic stability by managing minimum lending rates.
• Currency Management: The Governor is in charge of managing the issuance, circulation, and withdrawal of currency notes to maintain a stable supply of currency.
• Regulation of Co-operative Banks: The Governor ensures the stability and regulation of co-operative banks, regional rural banks, and local area banks across India.

Rbi:

• Founded: 1 April 1935, Kolkata
• Headquarters: Mumbai

Trump Picks Harmeet Dhillon As An Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights

Harmeet Kaur Dhillon, an Indian-American lawyer, has been nominated by US President-elect Donald Trump as the Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights at the Department of Justice. She is known for her strong advocacy for civil liberties, making bold statements on various issues, and her legal career.

Position and Nomination:

• Nominated as Assistant Attorney General for Civil Rights.
• Recognized for her extensive experience in civil rights advocacy and legal career.

Rank and report news

QS World University Rankings: Sustainability 2025 – IITs Lead the Charge in Sustainability

The third edition of the QS World University Rankings: Sustainability 2025 evaluates universities based on sustainability initiatives, including environmental impact, social responsibility, and governance.

India’s Notable Performance

IIT Delhi:

• Ranked 171st globally, up from 426th last year (a jump of 255 ranks).
• Recognized as the top Indian university in the sustainability rankings.

Key Factors for IIT Delhi’s Success

Sustainability Focus:

• Implementation of green campus initiatives.
• Cutting-edge research on sustainable development.
• Collaborative projects aimed at reducing carbon footprints and promoting clean energy.

Integration of Sustainability: Strong commitment to embedding sustainable practices within its academic programs and operational frameworks.

Kerala Ranks Among Top States for Employability in India

Kerala continues to excel in employability, ranking fifth among Indian states in the India Skills Report 2025, published by Wheebox in collaboration with AICTE, CII, and the Association of Indian Universities. With a strong employability rate of 71%, Kerala demonstrates exceptional talent, workplace inclusivity, and a balanced approach to education and skill development. The report also underscores India’s global leadership in AI skill penetration and highlights transformative trends in the workforce shaped by AI adoption.

Key Highlights for Kerala

• 18-21 Age Group Employability: Ranks 2nd nationally.
• B.E./BTech and Polytechnic Talent: Secures 3rd position in employable talent.

Top Cities: Thiruvananthapuram and Kochi excel in fostering computer and English skills and are preferred work locations.

India Skills Report 2025 Insights

State-wise Employability Leaders: Telangana (85.45%) tops the 18-21 age group, followed by Haryana and Maharashtra.

Skill Rankings: Kerala ranks 3rd in computer skills, with Telangana and Karnataka leading in critical thinking and numerical skills.

AI Skill Penetration: India leads globally in AI talent, with demand for 1 million AI professionals by 2026.

Kerala:

• Capital: Thiruvananthapuram
• Chief minister: Pinarayi Vijayan
• Governor: Arif Mohammed Khan

Defence news

India-Russia Defense Partnership Set to Sign $4B Radar System

India is set to finalize a significant USD 4 billion agreement with Russia to acquire an advanced long-range early warning radar system from Russia’s Voronezh radar series. This deal aims to enhance India’s air defence and missile detection capabilities, aligning with the “Make in India” initiative.

Technology:

Voronezh Series Radar:

• Tracks ballistic missiles and aircraft up to 8,000 kilometers.
• Extends India’s surveillance capabilities beyond its borders.
• Offers technology previously accessible only to global superpowers.

Location: The radar system will be installed in Chitradurga, Karnataka, known for its advanced defence and aerospace infrastructure.

Russia:

• Capital: Moscow
• Prime minister: Mikhail Mishustin

Science and tech news    

IIT Madras Completes 410-Meter Hyperloop Test Track

IIT Madras has completed a 410-meter-long Hyperloop test track, a first-of-its-kind project in India. The achievement, announced by Union Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw, is part of a collaborative effort involving the Indian Railways, IIT Madras’ Avishkar Hyperloop team, and TuTr, a startup incubated at IIT Madras.

What is Hyperloop Technology?

Concept Origin: Proposed by Elon Musk in 2012, Hyperloop is a revolutionary transportation system.

Working Mechanism:

• High-speed travel through low-pressure tubes with vacuum-sealed environments, reducing air resistance and friction.
• Speeds can exceed 1,000 km/h, drastically reducing travel time over long distances.

Benefits of Hyperloop

• High Speed and Efficiency: Faster travel times than traditional modes.
• Energy-Efficient: Combines high speed with low energy consumption.
• Environmentally Friendly: Sustainable alternative to conventional transportation.
• Cost-Effective: Designed for low operational costs.
• Urban and Corridor Connectivity: Addresses congestion in urban areas and busy transit routes.

This milestone highlights India’s growing focus on advanced transportation technologies, paving the way for innovative, eco-friendly, and high-speed travel solutions.

Aditya L1 and Proba-3 to Unite for Solar Research in 2025

India’s Aditya L1 and the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Proba-3 missions are set to revolutionize solar research with joint observations starting in 2025. Aditya L1, operational since January 2024 from the Lagrange point (L1) 1.5 million km from Earth, launched in September 2023. Meanwhile, Proba-3, launched on December 5, 2024, is the first mission involving two satellites flying in formation to simulate a solar eclipse, facilitating detailed studies of the Sun’s corona.

Key Instruments

VELC (Aditya L1) and ASPIICS (Proba-3) utilize coronagraphs to study the Sun’s corona, ranging from 1.08 to 3 solar radii.

Collaborative Campaigns: Indian and ESA scientists planned synchronized observations in Chennai to enhance scientific output.

Proba-3 Progress

• Commissioning Phase: Initial calibrations underway in Belgium.
• March 2025: Observations start with the Digital Absolute Radiometer (DARA) for solar irradiance measurements.
• Early 2025: Satellites will separate for formation flying and advanced corona studies.
• Significance: These missions highlight international collaboration to advance solar research and provide unprecedented insights into the Sun’s corona.

European space agency:

• Headquarters: Paris, France
• Founded: 30 May 1975, Europe

Launch of Anna Chakra and SCAN Portals to Modernize India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) and Enhance Food Security

On December, 2024, Union Minister Pralhad Joshi launched two important initiatives aimed at modernizing India’s Public Distribution System (PDS) and improving the efficiency of food security mechanisms. These initiatives are part of the government’s broader strategy to enhance food security and streamline processes under the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution (MoCAF&PD) and the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).

Anna Chakra Portal

• Objective: Optimize PDS logistics and supply chain.
• Purpose: ‘Anna Chakra’ is designed to optimize the logistics network of the PDS, which supports over 81 crore beneficiaries across India. The tool employs advanced algorithms to determine the most efficient routes for food grain distribution within the PDS network.
• Development: This portal was created in collaboration with the World Food Programme (WFP), Foundation for Innovation and Technology Transfer (FITT), and Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT) Delhi.
• Key Feature: The portal’s core function is based on the QKM (Quantity in Quintal x Distance in Kilometers) model, which has successfully reduced costs by 58 crores by optimizing food grain transport across the supply chain.

2. SCAN (Subsidy Claim Application for National Food Security Act) Portal

• Objective: Simplify and streamline subsidy claims under NFSA.
• Purpose: The SCAN portal is a single window platform that automates the process of subsidy claim submission, scrutiny, and approval under the National Food Security Act (NFSA) 2013.
• Functionality: It ensures a timely disbursement of subsidy funds to the state governments, reducing delays in subsidy release. The Department of Food and Public Distribution (DFPD) processes and pays the subsidy amounts through this platform.
• Benefits: By automating the end-to-end workflow, the SCAN portal helps improve transparency, minimize delays, and ensure more efficient processing of claims.

Summit news

“GI & Beyond 2024” Summit Showcases India’s Handloom and Handicraft Products on Global Stage

On November 25, 2024, the “GI & Beyond 2024” Summit was organized by the Office of the Development Commissioner for Handlooms and the Handloom Export Promotion Council (HEPC) in New Delhi. The summit aimed to showcase India’s Geographical Indication (GI) tagged handloom and handicraft products to a global audience. Union Minister Giriraj Singh inaugurated the event and distributed GI certificates to 10 artisans from various parts of India.

Earlier, on November 22, 2024, Union Minister of State Pabitra Margherita inaugurated the Diamond Jubilee celebrations of the World Crafts Forum (WCF) in New Delhi, paying tribute to Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay’s contributions to the formation of the World Crafts Council. The celebrations were held from November 22-24 in New Delhi and from November 25-27 in Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir.

Ministry of Textiles (MoT) Leadership:

• Union Minister: Giriraj Singh (Constituency: Begusarai, Bihar)
• Minister of State (MoS): Pabitra Margherita (Rajya Sabha, Assam)

Important days

International Mountain Day 2024, Celebrating the Importance of Mountains on December 11

Every year on December 11, the world comes together to observe International Mountain Day, an initiative established by the United Nations (UN) in 2003. This day aims to promote awareness about the critical role mountains play in our environment and to emphasize the importance of sustainable mountain development across the globe. Mountains are not just geological formations; they are lifelines that sustain biodiversity, regulate the climate, and serve as a source of livelihood and spiritual solace for millions.

History

• Originated from Chapter 13 of Agenda 21 during the Earth Summit in 1992, titled “Managing Fragile Ecosystems: Sustainable Mountain Development.”
• Officially designated as International Mountain Day in 2003 by the UN to highlight the importance of safeguarding mountain ecosystems.

Theme for International Mountain Day 2024: “Mountain Solutions for a Sustainable Future – Innovation, Adaptation, and Youth”

National news

SC Grants Permanent Commission to Woman Army Officer

On December 9, 2024, the Supreme Court of India granted a permanent commission to Lt. Col. (a woman officer in the Army Dental Corps) who had been unfairly denied benefits given to her male counterparts. The Court’s decision underscores its commitment to promoting gender equality in the armed forces.

• Background: The appellant, a commissioned officer since 2008, was denied a third chance to apply for a permanent commission, unlike other officers in similar positions. While the Armed Forces Tribunal (AFT) had granted age relaxation to others, the appellant was excluded due to her non-participation in a previous case. The Court ruled that this exclusion was discriminatory and set aside the AFT’s decision.
• Court’s Observations: The Court emphasized that the appellant, being in a similar situation to her counterparts, should have automatically received the same benefits, including age relaxation. It referred to previous rulings, such as Amrit Lal Berry vs. Collector of Central Excise and K.I. Shephard vs. Union of India, stating that citizens should not be deprived of benefits that were extended to others in similar circumstances. The Court also pointed out that the government should have implemented these benefits without needing further legal intervention.
• Impact on Women in the Armed Forces: This ruling is part of a broader movement to ensure permanent commissions for all women in the Army. In a similar ruling from February 2024, the Supreme Court directed the Centre to grant permanent commissions to all female officers. The Court further ordered the government to comply with this directive by January 2025, emphasizing the need for timely implementation.

International news

Merriam-Webster Picks Polarization As Word of the Year 2024

Merriam-Webster has chosen polarization as the 2024 Word of the Year, reflecting a year defined by deep societal, cultural, and political divides. The word was selected based on a significant increase in searches and usage, capturing the growing tension and extremism across various domains in 2024.

Definition of Polarization:

• Meaning: Polarization refers to causing strong disagreement between opposing factions or groupings, often leading to extremes rather than consensus.
• Implication: It highlights a shift towards opposing extremes and a challenge in finding middle ground.

Context in 2024:

• U.S. Presidential Election: The contentious race between Kamala Harris and Donald Trump underscored the deep political divides, with voters expressing heightened concerns over ideological extremes.
• Broader Usage: The term was widely applied to describe divides in political ideologies, race relations, and societal issues, emphasizing the growing difficulty in bridging opposing views.

Cultural Usage: Polarization was also used in discussions on pop culture, such as controversies over Taylor Swift’s private jet use and the Olympics. Debates on celebrity memes, tech trends, and nepo baby discussions further illustrated this divide.

Historical Perspective: The term polarization has roots in the early 1800s, initially used in scientific contexts before being adopted to describe societal divides.

Top 10 Words of 2024:

1. Polarization
2. Demure
3. Fortnight
4. Totality
5. Resonate
6. Allision
7. Weird
8. Cognitive
9. Pander
10. Democracy

Dubai Breaks Record with World’s Largest Gold Bar, Weighing Over 300 KG

On December 7-8, 2024, Dubai unveiled the world’s largest gold bar, setting a new Guinness World Record. Weighing 300.12 kg (661 lb 10 oz) and valued at approximately $25 million (₹211 crore), the gold bar was created by the Emirates Minting Factory. The crafting process took 8 to 10 hours, with the bar adhering to Guinness standards.

Record-Breaking Gold Bar:

• Weight & Value: The bar weighs 300.12 kg and is valued at ₹211 crore ($25 million).
• Craftsmanship: Created by the Emirates Minting Factory, it took 8-10 hours to complete.
• Symbol of Excellence: This achievement highlights Dubai’s position as a global leader in the precious metals industry.

Public Display at Dubai Gold Souk Extension:

• The gold bar was displayed in a glass case outside the Emirates Minting Factory shop at the Dubai Gold Souk Extension.
• The public gathered in large numbers to capture photos and view the bar up close, making the event a historic moment for many.

Gold Market Context:

• Gold prices in India remained steady at ₹79,150 per 10 grams (99.5% purity).
• Dubai continues to lead in the global gold market, setting high standards for craftsmanship and trade.

Visitor Experience: The display of the world-record gold bar at the Dubai Gold Souk Extension provided a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for visitors to see this monumental creation. The event solidified Dubai’s reputation as a luxury and trade hub.

State news

Bihar’s Sex Ratio Drops to 882: Government Acts Against Female Foeticide

Bihar has seen a concerning decline in its sex ratio at birth (SRB), now at 882 females per 1,000 males, down from 894 in 2022-23. This places the state among the worst performers in India regarding child gender ratio. In response, the state government has taken urgent action to address the issue, with a focus on enforcing the Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PC-PNDT) Act and launching awareness campaigns to combat female foeticide and improve gender equality.

Critical Statistics and Government Response:

• Decline in SRB: Bihar’s SRB has worsened, with specific areas like Vaishali, Bhojpur, and Saran showing the sharpest declines.
• Government Initiatives: The state has committed to stricter enforcement of the PC-PNDT Act and is implementing the Mukhyamantri Kanya Utthan Yojna, a comprehensive scheme aimed at supporting a girl child from birth through education, and promoting gender equality.
• Ministerial Commitment: Health Minister Mangal Pandey emphasized that female foeticide is both a moral and social issue, urging the community to value daughters equally to sons.

Awareness Campaigns and Law Enforcement:

• The government is prioritizing community engagement and mindset changes through mass awareness campaigns to celebrate the birth of girls.
• District-level Enforcement: District magistrates have been directed by the social welfare department to ensure strict adherence to the PC-PNDT Act, particularly in districts with significant SRB declines like Vaishali and Bhojpur.
• Key Officials’ Remarks: Additional Chief Secretary Harjot Kaur Bamhrah stressed the need for widespread sensitization to save the girl child and foster a cultural shift towards gender parity.

Bihar’s government is focusing on both law enforcement and community awareness to address the alarming drop in its sex ratio at birth and to prevent further gender imbalances in the state.

Bihar:

• Capital: Patna
• Chief minister: Nitish Kumar
• Governor: Rajendra Arlekar

PM Modi Launches LIC’s Bima Sakhi Yojana for Women Empowerment

On December 8, 2024, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Bima Sakhi Yojana in Panipat, Haryana, a transformative initiative by Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) aimed at empowering women by integrating them into the insurance sector. The scheme focuses on training and enrolling women as career agents, providing them with financial independence and contributing to societal welfare.

Key Features of Bima Sakhi Yojana:

• Eligibility and Scope: The program is open to women aged 18-70, who have completed at least the 10th grade. LIC will offer training and financial support for three years to enable them to become successful career agents.
• Earnings and Opportunities: Women enrolled in the program are expected to earn an average of ₹15,000 monthly by selling approximately 24 policies annually.
• Financial Assistance: Selected candidates will receive stipends over three years—₹7,000 in the first year, ₹6,000 in the second year, and ₹5,000 in the third year—along with commissions based on their sales.

Socio-Economic Impact:

• The scheme aligns with key government initiatives such as Beti Bachao-Beti Padhao and Lakhpati Didi, promoting financial inclusion and social security for women.
• By empowering women as insurance agents, the program aims to strengthen household incomes, promote gender equality, and expand LIC’s reach into underserved areas, especially in rural regions.

Market and Policy Context:

• LIC’s Investment: LIC’s Chairman, Siddhartha Mohanty, announced an initial investment of ₹840 crores in the scheme’s first year, expecting a significant increase in premium income.
• Regulatory Reforms: With reforms allowing 100% FDI in insurance, LIC’s market share has grown from 58.50% to 61.07% during April-September 2024, strengthening its position in the industry.

Future Goals:

• The initiative aims to integrate at least one Bima Sakhi in every panchayat, thereby ensuring social security coverage for all.
• After the contract term, women trained under the program will have the opportunity to become permanent LIC agents, contributing to their long-term empowerment and broader national development.

The Bima Sakhi Yojana is a significant step towards the financial empowerment of women, aiming to transform the insurance sector and improve women’s socio-economic status across India.

Haryana:

• Capital: Chandigarh
• Chief minister: Nayab Singh Saini
• Governor: Bandaru Dattatreya

Defence news

INS Tushil Commissioned into Indian Navy

INS Tushil, a Russian-built guided missile frigate, was officially commissioned into the Indian Navy on December 8, 2024, at Kaliningrad, Russia. The commissioning ceremony was attended by Defence Minister Rajnath Singh, Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Dinesh K Tripathi, and other senior officials, marking a significant milestone in India-Russia naval cooperation.

Key Highlights:

• A Milestone in Naval Cooperation: The commissioning of INS Tushil underscores the growing strength of India’s naval capabilities, particularly in response to the increasing Chinese presence in the Indian Ocean.
• Part of Strategic Deal: INS Tushil is the first ship in a series of four stealth frigates under a 2016 deal between India and Russia, valued at USD 2.5 billion. This deal aims to bolster India’s maritime power.

Collaboration between India and Russia:

• Technology Integration: INS Tushil is an upgraded version of the Krivak III-class frigate under Project 1135.6, and incorporates 26% indigenous content. It features advanced technologies developed by Indian defense firms, including BrahMos Aerospace and Bharat Electronics.
• Strategic Significance: Defence Minister Rajnath Singh emphasized that this collaboration strengthens technological excellence between India and Russia, with future focus areas including artificial intelligence (AI), cyber security, and counter-terrorism.

INS Tushil’s Operational Capabilities:

• Specifications: The frigate weighs 3,900 tonnes and measures 125 meters in length, designed to provide enhanced stealth and stability.
• Strategic Role: INS Tushil will significantly enhance India’s naval capacity, enabling it to address increasing regional threats. The ship’s advanced design and capabilities will reinforce India’s maritime defense and ensure the security of critical trade routes in the Indian Ocean and key global maritime corridors.

INS Tushil’s commissioning marks an important step in strengthening India’s defense ties with Russia and significantly enhances the Indian Navy’s operational readiness in the face of growing regional maritime challenges.

Indian Navy: General Knowledge

• Founded Year: The Indian Navy was founded on October 2, 1934, as the Royal Indian Navy under the British colonial government. After India gained independence in 1947, it was renamed the Indian Navy.
• Current Head: The current Chief of the Naval Staff (CNS) of the Indian Navy is Admiral Dinesh K Tripathi, who took office on November 30, 2021.

Award news

Payal Kapadia’s Landmark Golden Globe Nomination

Indian filmmaker Payal Kapadia has made history by becoming the first Indian director to receive a Golden Globe nomination for Best Director (Motion Picture). Her critically acclaimed film All We Imagine As Light has not only earned her this prestigious nomination but also a nod for Best Motion Picture (Non-English Language) at the 82nd Golden Globe Awards. These historic nominations reflect the growing global recognition of Indian cinema and Kapadia’s exceptional talent as a storyteller.

Historic Golden Globe Nominations:

• Best Director (Motion Picture): Payal Kapadia becomes the first Indian director ever to be nominated for this prestigious category.
• Best Motion Picture (Non-English Language): All We Imagine As Light is also nominated for this category, showcasing its international appeal.

About the Film:

• All We Imagine As Light is an Indo-French co-production featuring actors Kani Kusruti, Divya Prabha, and Hridhu Haroon.
• The film tells the story of Prabha, a nurse grappling with personal struggles, and her roommate Anu, as they explore their desires during trip to a beach town.
• The film made history as the first Indian entry in the Cannes Film Festival competition section in 30 years and won the prestigious Grand Prix award.

Other Prestigious Awards:

• Best International Film at the New York Film Critics Circle.
• Best International Feature at the Gotham Awards 2024.

Golden Globe Best Director Nominees:

• Jacques Audiard for Emilia Perez.
• Sean Baker for Anora.
• Edward Berger for Conclave.
• Brady Corbet for The Brutalist.
• Coralie Fargeat for The Substance.

Telugu Woman Banker Honored as Rising Star in Banking 2024

Bharati Kolli, a 43-year-old woman from Vizianagaram district in Andhra Pradesh, has been honored as one of the Rising Star Women Leaders of Banking for 2024 by the prestigious women’s group, Women We Admire. This recognition highlights her outstanding contributions to the banking sector, particularly in the field of data management.

Currently serving as the Director of the Data Management Office at the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) at its New York headquarters, Bharati Kolli’s expertise and leadership in data management have earned her significant accolades. Her work continues to inspire many, reinforcing her position as a trailblazer in the banking and financial services industry.

Career and Achievements

• Bharati Kolli is acknowledged for her expertise in data and analytics, specializing in finance, operations, risk, and regulatory compliance.
• She has worked with several Fortune 100 clients, developing solutions that enhance growth, cost savings, risk management, and regulatory compliance.
• Bharati has demonstrated strategic thinking and leadership in her role, excelling in client-facing roles and managing communications with C-suite executives.
• Her journey includes over 10 years of experience in big-4 management consulting, where she led significant data initiatives for mid-to-large-sized financial institutions.
• She played a key role in fostering a data-driven culture within financial institutions.

Important days

World Human Rights Day 2024: Date, History, Significance & Theme

World Human Rights Day is celebrated every year on December 10, serving as a powerful reminder of the global commitment to uphold equality, freedom, and human dignity. Human rights form the foundation of a fair and just society, acting as a preventative, protective, and transformative force for good. On this day, individuals, communities, and nations come together to reaffirm their dedication to building a better, more equitable future.

History of World Human Rights Day:

The history of World Human Rights Day is deeply tied to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948.

• Adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR):
• On December 10, 1948, the UN General Assembly adopted the UDHR, marking a significant milestone in the global pursuit of justice and equality. This declaration is the first comprehensive global statement of human rights, outlining fundamental freedoms to which every person is entitled, regardless of race, religion, gender, or nationality.
• Official Recognition of Human Rights Day:
• The UN General Assembly formally established Human Rights Day on December 4, 1950, through Resolution 423 (V). This resolution invited member states and organizations to celebrate the day in a manner that they felt was most appropriate. The purpose of this day is to honor the adoption of the UDHR and remind the world of its collective responsibility to uphold these human rights principles.

World Human Rights Day 2024 Theme: The theme for World Human Rights Day 2024 is:
“Our rights, our future, right now.”

This theme emphasizes the urgency of protecting human rights and ensuring that every person, regardless of their background, can access the rights and freedoms guaranteed under international law. It calls for collective action to safeguard human rights in the present and shape a better future for all.

Sports news

Aarit Kapil: Young Chess Prodigy Makes History by Defeating a Grandmaster

Aarit Kapil, a 9-year-old chess prodigy from Delhi, has etched his name in history by becoming the youngest Indian to defeat a chess Grandmaster (GM). In a thrilling game during the ninth round of the KIIT International Open Tournament, Aarit triumphed over Raset Ziatdinov, a 66-year-old Grandmaster from the United States. Aarit achieved this feat at the remarkable age of 9 years, 2 months, and 18 days, setting a national record and becoming the third-youngest player globally to defeat a Grandmaster under classical time control.

Historical Context:

• Youngest Indian to Beat a GM: Aarit is now the youngest Indian to ever defeat a chess Grandmaster.
• Global Ranking: He is the third-youngest player globally to defeat a GM under classical time control.
• World Record Holder: The current world record holder for the youngest player to defeat a GM is Ashwath Kaushik, an Indian-origin chess player from Singapore, who achieved this at 8 years, 6 months.

The Game Against Raset Ziatdinov:

• Opponent’s Profile: Ziatdinov, although a seasoned Grandmaster, was 66 years old and past his competitive prime.

Game Dynamics:

• Opening Phase: Ziatdinov initially held a positional advantage, using a better pawn structure.
• Aarit’s Resilience: Despite being in a slightly disadvantageous position, Aarit displayed incredible resilience and strategic thinking.
• The Turning Point: After 63 moves, Ziatdinov made a critical error, losing a knight.
• Aarit’s Capitalization: Aarit seized the opportunity, converting the mistake into a decisive advantage, and won the game.

Kush Maini Makes History with F2 Constructors’ Championship Win

Kush Maini, an Indian racing driver, made history by becoming the first Indian to win the FIA Formula 2 (F2) Constructors’ World Championship. This monumental victory was secured with Invicta Racing and marked the culmination of a remarkable year for Maini, who also made history earlier by becoming the first Indian to claim an F2 pole position.

Key Highlights of Maini’s F2 Championship Success:

1. Historic Firsts for India:

1. First Indian to Win F2 Constructors’ Championship: Maini’s victory with Invicta Racing was a groundbreaking achievement in Indian motorsport.
2. First Indian to Secure an F2 Pole Position: Earlier in the season, Maini made history by becoming the first Indian to claim a pole position in the F2 series.
3. Maini’s Contribution to Invicta Racing’s Success:

2. Maini’s strong performances played a crucial role in Invicta Racing’s title win, with five podium finishes and a race victory in Hungary.
3. His consistency and pivotal contributions were essential in securing the Constructors’ Championship for Invicta Racing, who finished the season with a 34.5-point lead over Campos Racing, Maini’s former team.
4. Season Performance and Key Moments:

3. Despite facing several challenges throughout the season, Maini demonstrated resilience and skill, consistently finishing in the points.
4. He secured five podiums throughout the season, including a memorable victory in Hungary.
5. Pole Position in Jeddah: One of his standout achievements was setting a pole position at the Jeddah Grand Prix, which helped set the stage for Invicta Racing’s dominant campaign.

Maini’s achievement not only highlights his talent and determination but also strengthens India’s presence in the global motorsport arena. His success serves as an inspiration for future Indian drivers aspiring to make their mark in Formula racing.

Edusprint Youtube Channel : Edusprint Academy

We at Edusprint Academy are committed to bringing you the most relevant and updated 8th and 9th December current affairs 2024, curated from trusted and official sources. These updates are designed to keep you ahead in your exam preparation journey.

Our comprehensive Current Affairs December 2024 coverage aims to enhance your knowledge and boost your scores in Banking, Insurance, SSC, Railways, UPSC, and all State Government Exams. Explore our Current Affairs tailored to simplify your exam preparation.

National news

Amit Shah Unveils Sardar Patel Statue in Jodhpur

Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah unveiled an 11-ft tall statue of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, in the presence of Union Minister Shri Gajendra Singh Shekhawat and other dignitaries. The statue, made of several metals and weighing 1,100 kilograms, stands on an 8-ft pedestal. During the unveiling ceremony, Shri Amit Shah highlighted Sardar Patel’s immense contributions to India’s unity, his historical significance, and the recognition he has received under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s leadership.

Significance of Sardar Patel

• Known as the “Iron Man of India,” Patel unified 556 princely states post-Independence.
• Played a pivotal role in integrating Jodhpur and transforming its airbase into a strategic security hub.
• Defied predictions of India’s disintegration, ensuring a strong and united nation.

Historical Neglect and Recognition

• Shri Amit Shah criticized the neglect of Patel’s legacy by earlier regimes.
• Highlighted PM Modi’s efforts in honoring Patel, including the Statue of Unity and Bharat Ratna award.
• Sardar Patel’s Unfinished Dreams Fulfilled

Key Initiatives Under PM Modi:

• Abrogation of Articles 370 and 35A.
• Implementation of the Uniform Civil Code in Uttarakhand.
• Construction of Ram Temple in Ayodhya.
• Abolition of triple talaq.
• Strengthened defense via surgical and air strikes.

Note: Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah

Economy news

OECD Revises India’s Economic Growth Forecast for FY25 and FY26

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) released its “Economic Outlook December 2024” on 4th December 2024, revising India’s economic growth forecast upwards.

Key Highlights:

• Growth Forecast for FY25: India’s growth forecast for Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) has been raised by 20 basis points (bps), from the previous estimate of 6.6% to 6.8%.
• Reason for Revision: The positive revision is attributed to rapidly increasing public infrastructure spending and sustained growth in private consumption.
• GDP Projection for FY26: India’s real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) projection for FY26 has been revised upwards to 6.9%, compared to the earlier estimate of 6.8% made in the September 2024 Economic Outlook.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)

• Secretary-General: Mathias Hubert Paul Cormann
• Headquarters: Paris, France
• Established: 1961

India’s Cash Transfer Schemes for Women (FY 2024-25)

According to Goldman Sachs Global Research, nine Indian states have ongoing or proposed cash transfer schemes for women, with a combined allocation of USD 18 billion in their budget estimates for Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25), representing 0.5% of India’s GDP.

Maharashtra:

• Allocation: USD 5.4 billion, which is 1.1% of the state’s GDP.
• Maharashtra leads in terms of the largest budget allocation for women’s cash transfers among Indian states.

Haryana:

• Proposed Financial Support: Rs 2,100 per month for women aged 18 and above, with an annual household income of less than Rs 2 lakh.
• Haryana offers the highest monthly financial support to women.

Karnataka: Proposed Financial Support: Rs 2,000 per month for women, following closely behind Haryana.

Banking news

Razorpay Collaborates with MHA and I4C to Strengthen Cybersecurity in India’s Digital Payments Ecosystem

On December, 2024, Razorpay, India’s first full-stack financial solutions company, announced its collaboration with the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) to enhance cybersecurity in India’s growing digital payments ecosystem.

Key Points:

• Objective: To provide necessary knowledge and awareness about cybersecurity to businesses and end customers across India.
• Integration of Expertise: Razorpay’s technological expertise will complement the government’s cybersecurity strategies, strengthening the country’s digital infrastructure.

India’s Growing Digital Payment Landscape:

• Digital Payment Volume: India now accounts for 46% of the world’s digital payment volume.
• Cybercrime Statistics: Between January 2024 and April 2024, over 7,000 daily cybercrime complaints were reported, with 85% related to financial fraud, causing USD 21.2 million in losses.
• Cybercrime Collaboration: Razorpay has partnered with over 1,600 cybercrime stations across 25 states and union territories to strengthen the fight against cybercrime.

Razorpay’s Security Initiatives:

Authentication Control Server (ACS): In 2024, Razorpay launched its ACS, including a Fraud Risk Management (FRM) system, which analyzes the risk of transactions in real-time based on factors such as transaction amount, user behavior, and device details, helping mitigate potential risks.

About Razorpay Software Private Limited (RSPL):

• CEO & Co-Founder: Harshil Mathur
• Headquarters: Bengaluru, Karnataka
• Founded: 2014

About Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA):

• Union Minister: Amit Shah (Constituency: Gandhinagar, Gujarat)
• Ministers of State (MOS): Nityanand Rai (Constituency: Ujiarpur, Bihar), Bandi Sanjay Kumar (Constituency: Karimnagar, Telangana)

RBI Introduces Secured Overnight Rupee Rate (SORR)

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced the creation of the Secured Overnight Rupee Rate (SORR), a new benchmark for the interest rate derivatives market. This initiative aims to enhance the robustness, transparency, and reliability of India’s financial benchmarks, aligning them with global standards.

Key Features of SORR

• Transaction-Based Benchmark: SORR will be derived from actual secured money market transactions, including market repo and tri-party repo (TREPS), reflecting real market dynamics.
• Support from FBIL: The Financial Benchmarks India Limited (FBIL) will spearhead the development and implementation of SORR, incorporating feedback from the financial community.
• Manipulation-Resistant: Unlike the existing Mumbai Inter-Bank Offer Rate (MIBOR), which is derived through polling of market participants, SORR will be trade-based, significantly reducing the scope for manipulation.

Transition from MIBOR to SORR

• MIBOR Overview: Introduced in 1998, MIBOR has been widely used in India’s financial markets. However, it is based on polling responses, which raises concerns about its susceptibility to distortion and manipulation.
• SORR’s Advantages: SORR will provide a more accurate representation of overnight funding rates, covering 98% of the overnight market activity, thus ensuring higher reliability.

It is designed to be transparent, robust, and aligned with global best practices, including the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) in the U.S., which replaced LIBOR as a benchmark.

Role of FBIL and Implementation Timeline

FBIL’s Role:

• FBIL will develop and operationalize SORR based on the recommendations of the MIBOR Committee.
• Public consultations and feedback will be accepted until November 15, 2024, to finalize SORR’s design and methodology.

Gradual Implementation: While SORR will be introduced as a new benchmark, the transition from MIBOR to SORR will occur gradually to ensure market stability.

RBI Unveils MuleHunter.AI to Fight Financial Fraud

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has introduced MuleHunter.AI, an advanced AI-driven tool developed through its Innovation Hub (RBIH) to identify and flag mule bank accounts linked to illicit financial activities, including money laundering.

What Are Mule Accounts?

Definition: Mule accounts are used by criminals to launder illegally obtained funds.

Operation: Often managed by individuals from low-income groups or those with limited technical knowledge who are coerced or deceived into participation.

Challenges:

• Highly interconnected accounts, making them difficult to trace.
• Increase the risk of financial fraud and cybercrime.

Significance of MuleHunter.AI

Addressing Financial Fraud:

• Online financial fraud accounts for 67.8% of cybercrime cases in India.
• MuleHunter.AI strengthens the financial system by enhancing fraud detection capabilities.

Efficient and Accurate Detection: AI-based analysis ensures a more reliable identification process, addressing gaps in existing systems.

Combatting Money Laundering: By detecting mule accounts efficiently, MuleHunter.AI helps in curbing the flow of illicit funds and improving compliance with anti-money laundering laws.

Ranks and report news

India’s Billionaire Count Soars to 185, China Sees Drop Amid Slowdown

India’s billionaire count has reached 185 in 2024, reflecting a 20% increase from 153 in 2023, according to the UBS Billionaire Ambitions Report. This rise cements India’s position as the third-largest billionaire hub globally, behind the United States and China.

Key Highlights from the UBS Report

India’s Billionaire Growth

• Count in 2024: 185 billionaires.
• Growth Rate: 20% increase from 2023 and a 123% rise since 2015.
• Total Wealth: Billionaire wealth surged by 42.1%, reaching $905.6 billion in 2024.

China’s Decline

• Billionaire Count: Dropped from 520 in 2023 to 427 in 2024 due to economic slowdowns and regulatory changes.
• Wealth Reduction: Declined from $2.1 trillion in 2020 to $1.8 trillion in 2024.

Family-Led Businesses as Drivers

• India ranks third globally in publicly listed family-owned businesses.
• Key sectors: Pharma, fintech, edtech, and food delivery have driven wealth creation.

Global Wealth Trends

• Billionaire wealth worldwide grew by 121% from 2015 to 2024, reaching $14 trillion (up from $6.3 trillion).
• India’s billionaire entrepreneurs are projected to grow rapidly, mirroring China’s growth trajectory until 2020.

Corporate Climate Action in India: SBTI Commitments

India has secured the 6th spot globally in corporate climate action, with 127 companies committing to net-zero targets under the Science-Based Target Initiative (SBTI). This reflects a growing awareness among Indian corporations towards addressing climate change, although high-emission sectors like power, energy, and cement still lag behind in adopting such goals.

India: 127 companies committed to SBTI targets.

Global Rankings:

• United Kingdom: 702 companies (1st)
• USA: 425 companies (2nd)
• China: 233 companies (3rd)
• Germany: 203 companies (4th)
• Sweden: 143 companies (5th)

Global Emissions: India contributes around 7% of global emissions, while China contributes 27% but has less corporate adoption.

Global Commitment: Approximately 9,000 companies globally have committed to emission reduction targets, with 3,500 targeting net-zero emissions.

Award news

Karmaveer Chakra Awards 2024-25

The Karmaveer Chakra Awards for 2024-25 were presented during the 13th edition of REX ConcLIVE, held from 25th-26th November 2024 in Noida, Uttar Pradesh. The awards were given to individuals who have made remarkable contributions to societal change through innovation and positive impact.

Awardees:

Rumana Sinha Sehgal:

• Role: Mentor at T-Hub, Hyderabad, and founder of Serendipity.
• Achievement: She became the first entrepreneur from Telangana to receive the Karmaveer Chakra Platinum Medal for 2024-25.
• She is also the first woman entrepreneur from the state to receive this award three times.
• Contribution: Recognized for her outstanding work in areas such as sustainability, entrepreneurship, and community development, particularly through T-Hub and its associated changemakers.

Akshay Deshpande: Role: Founder of Switcheko.

Abhishek Agarwal: Role: Founder of Goodeebag.

About Karmaveer Chakra Awards:

• Institution: Established by the Indian Confederation of NGOs (iCongo) in collaboration with the United Nations (UN) in 2008-09.
• Tribute: The award honors the legacy of A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, the 11th President of India.
• Objective: To recognize individuals who have brought positive societal change through their work and innovative solutions.

Appointment news

Devajit Saikia Appointed Acting Secretary of BCCI

Devajit Saikia, a former cricketer from Assam, has been appointed the acting secretary of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI). This move fills the vacancy left by Jay Shah, who recently transitioned to the role of International Cricket Council (ICC) chairman. The decision was made by BCCI president Roger Binny, who exercised his constitutional powers to ensure the smooth functioning of the organization. Saikia’s appointment is considered a temporary measure, and a permanent secretary will be appointed as per the BCCI’s constitution.

BCCI:

• President: Roger Binny
• Headquarters: Mumbai
• Founded: December 1928

D Gukesh Appointed Brand Ambassador of RBL Bank

In November 2024, RBL Bank Limited (formerly Ratnakar Bank Limited), based in Mumbai, Maharashtra, appointed D Gukesh, the Indian Chess Grandmaster, as its Brand Ambassador.

Key Points:

• D Gukesh is a chess prodigy known for his exceptional achievements in the game.

He is:

• The youngest-ever contender to compete in the World Chess Championship.
• The third youngest grandmaster to achieve a rating of 2700.
• He is also the second Indian, after Viswanathan Anand, to compete in a World Chess Championship Match.

Partnership with RBL Bank:

• This collaboration highlights the alignment of qualities such as strategic thinking and foresight, which resonate with both Gukesh’s approach to chess and RBL Bank’s values.
• The bank’s association with Gukesh reflects its emphasis on precision, focus, and visionary outlook, qualities that Gukesh exemplifies in his chess career.

RBL bank:

• Headquarters: Mumbai
• Founded: 14 June 1943
• Key people: R Subramaniakumar; (MD & CEO)
  

Defence news

Indian Defense Companies in Global Arms Production

According to the SIPRI Report 2023, three Indian defense public sector undertakings (DPSUs)—Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL), and Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd (MDL)—are ranked among the world’s 100 largest arms producers.

Key Highlights:

Combined Revenue: The three companies generated USD 6.74 billion in 2023, a 5.8% increase from the previous year.

• HAL: Revenue of USD 3.71 billion, up 6.9%.
• BEL: Revenue of USD 1.94 billion, up 0.5%, but dropped to 67th place from 65th in 2022.
• MDL: Revenue of USD 1.09 billion, up 12.4%, and improved to 94th from 96th in 2022.

Top Global Arms Producers (SIPRI 2023):

• Lockheed Martin (USA): USD 60.81 billion
• Raytheon Technologies (USA): USD 40.66 billion
• Northrop Grumman (USA): USD 35.57 billion
• Boeing (USA): USD 31.1 billion
• General Dynamics (USA): USD 30.2 billion

About ICRA ESG Ratings Limited

• MD & CEO: Ramnath Krishnan
• Headquarters: New Delhi, India
• Founded: 1991

About SIPRI (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute)

• Director: Dan Smith
• Headquarters: Solna, Sweden
• Founded: 1966

Science and tech news

Indian Astronauts Selected for Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4) to ISS

In November 2024, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), based in Bengaluru, Karnataka, announced the successful completion of the initial training phase for two Indian astronauts, Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla (prime) and Group Captain Prasanth Balakrishnan Nair (backup), who are selected for the upcoming Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4) to the International Space Station (ISS). These astronauts are referred to as Gaganyatris.

Key Details: Training: The astronauts began their training in the USA in August 2024 as part of the ongoing collaboration between ISRO and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).

Mission Overview:

• Axiom Mission 4 (Ax-4) is a private spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS).
• It is operated by Axiom Space, a USA-based private spaceflight company, in partnership with SpaceX, an American space technology company.

About NASA:

• Administrator: Bill Nelson
• Headquarters: Washington, D.C., USA
• Founded: 1958

Sports news

Bangladesh Triumphs in U-19 Asia Cup Final, Beats India by 59 Runs

Bangladesh U-19 retained their Asia Cup title, defeating India by 59 runs in a thrilling final. Despite early breakthroughs by India’s bowlers, Bangladesh’s strong middle-order performances set a competitive target of 199, which India failed to chase, bowing out at 139 in 35.2 overs.

Match Highlights

Bangladesh Innings

• Key Partnership: Mohammad Shihab James (36) and Rizan Hossan (32) stitched a crucial 62-run partnership, stabilizing the innings after an early wobble.
• Collapse and Recovery: Quick dismissals post James’ wicket led to a middle-order collapse. However, a late contribution from Azizul Hakim added valuable runs.

Final Total: Bangladesh managed to post 198 runs, getting bowled out in 47.5 overs.

India’s Bowling

Top Performers:

• Yudhajit Guha: 2 wickets for 29 runs.
• Raj: 2 wickets for 41 runs.

Missed Opportunities: Despite early wickets, Indian bowlers couldn’t capitalize, allowing Bangladesh to recover and set a challenging target.

Bangladesh:

• Capital: Dhaka
• Currency: Bangladeshi Taka
• Official language: Bengali
• President: Mohammed Shahabuddin

Norris Wins Abu Dhabi GP, Ends McLaren’s 26-Year Wait

In a dramatic race at the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix, Lando Norris delivered a stellar performance, claiming victory and bringing McLaren its first Constructors’ Championship since 1998. The race was filled with incidents, penalties, and emotional moments, as the grid battled fiercely in the season finale.

McLaren’s Triumph

Historic Constructors’ Title: McLaren secured its first championship in 26 years, marking a return to dominance in Formula 1.

Lando Norris’ Victory:

• Claimed the win with a margin of 5.832 seconds over Ferrari’s Carlos Sainz.
• Demonstrated composure under pressure, maintaining his lead throughout the race.

Oscar Piastri’s Resilience: Despite an early Turn One collision with Max Verstappen and a 10-second penalty, Piastri managed to finish 10th.

Max Verstappen Wins F1 Qatar Grand Prix 2024

On December, 2024, Max Verstappen of Red Bull secured victory at the Formula 1 (F1) Qatar Grand Prix 2024, held at the Lusail International Circuit in Lusail, Qatar. This win marked his 9th victory of the season and the 63rd of his career.

Podium Finishers:

• 1st place: Max Verstappen (Red Bull) – 9th win of the season
• 2nd place: Charles Leclerc (Ferrari) – 18 points
• 3rd place: Oscar Piastri (McLaren) – 15 points

About Max Verstappen:

• First F1 Championship: Max Verstappen won his first Formula 1 World Championship title in 2021 after winning 10 Grands Prix that season.
• Consecutive Titles: He went on to win the next two championships in 2022 and 2023.
• 4th Consecutive Title: Verstappen secured his 4th consecutive F1 World Championship title in 2024, adding his 9th Grand Prix victory in the season to his impressive record.
• Grand Prix Wins in 2024: His 9 wins in the 2024 season include victories at the Las Vegas GP, Sao Paulo GP, Bahrain GP, Saudi Arabia GP, Japanese GP, Chinese GP, Emilia-Romagna GP, Canadian GP, and Spanish GP.

Books and author news

Himachal Pradesh CM Releases Book on Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s Life and Contributions

In November 2024, Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu, the Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh, released a book titled ‘Loh Purush Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Ka Jeevanvrit’, authored by Rakesh Kumar Sharma, in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh.

Book Overview:

• The book provides an in-depth exploration of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, one of India’s most significant historical figures.
• It highlights Patel’s personality, his role in India’s freedom struggle, and his contributions to nation-building.

About the Author:

• Rakesh Kumar Sharma is an established author who has previously written several books on Sardar Patel.
• ‘Loh Purush Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel: Jeevan Darshan aur Rashtra Nirman ki Bhumika’ (2022)
• ‘Iron Man Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel: Role in Swaraj Struggle and National Integration’ (2023)
• This book further cements Sharma’s focus on celebrating the life and contributions of Sardar Patel, known as the Iron Man of India.

Himachal Pradesh:

• Capitals: Shimla (Summer), Dharamshala (Winter)
• Chief minister: Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu
• Governor: Shiv Pratap Shukla

Important days

International Anti-Corruption Day 2024: December 9, 2024

International Anti-Corruption Day is observed globally on December 9 each year to raise awareness about the devastating impact of corruption and to emphasize the need for transparency, accountability, and integrity in governance and society. This day mobilizes individuals, governments, and organizations to combat corruption and its far-reaching consequences.

Background of International Anti-Corruption Day

• Proclamation in 2003: The United Nations General Assembly declared December 9 as International Anti-Corruption Day through Resolution 58/4 in 2003. This resolution also led to the adoption of the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), a landmark international treaty designed to address the issue of corruption globally.
• Primary Goal: The key objective of this day is to create global awareness about the prevalence of corruption and to highlight the critical role of the UNCAC in fighting corruption. The day serves to remind governments, organizations, and individuals about their responsibility to act against corruption and promote good governance practices.
• A Global Reminder: Since its inception, International Anti-Corruption Day has been a powerful reminder of the urgent need to prevent and combat corruption. The day encourages fostering integrity, accountability, and transparent governance systems to ensure a fairer, more just society for all.

Edusprint Youtube Channel : Edusprint Academy

We at Edusprint Academy are committed to bringing you the most relevant and updated 7th December current affairs 2024, curated from trusted and official sources. These updates are designed to keep you ahead in your exam preparation journey.

Our comprehensive Current Affairs December 2024 coverage aims to enhance your knowledge and boost your scores in Banking, Insurance, SSC, Railways, UPSC, and all State Government Exams. Explore our Current Affairs tailored to simplify your exam preparation.

National news

“Bharatiya Vayuyan Vidheyak Passed: Civil Aviation Minister Hails Milestone”

The Bharatiya Vayuyan Vidheyak, 2024, marks a transformative step in India’s aviation sector by replacing the 90-year-old Aircraft Act of 1934. Passed by both Houses of Parliament, the bill aims to streamline aviation regulations, align with international standards, and support the sector’s exponential growth. It addresses safety, affordability, governance, and consumer protection while fostering investment and self-reliance in aircraft manufacturing. The Hindi renaming of the bill, a move to honor India’s cultural heritage, sparked debates but aligns with the government’s broader objective of promoting indigenous identity.

Objectives and Scope

• Modernization: Eliminates outdated provisions from the Aircraft Act, 1934.
• Focus Areas: Safety, affordability, governance, and consumer protection.
• Ease of Doing Business: Simplifies processes to attract investments.
• Global Alignment: Implements internationally recognized aviation practices.

Regulatory Improvements

• DGCA Amendment: Removes a 2010 clause allowing airlines to alter fares within 24 hours, promoting transparency.
• Governance: Enhances tariff monitoring to address pricing issues.

Airfare and Accessibility

• Udan Scheme: Operationalized 609 routes and 86 regional airports for improved accessibility.
• Fuel Tax Reduction: Advocates for lower VAT on aviation fuel in states like Delhi, West Bengal, and Tamil Nadu.
• Fare Monitoring: Airlines must report route-wise tariffs to the DGCA monthly.

Safety and Data Privacy

• Increased Surveillance: Addresses rising threat calls in late 2024.
• DigiYatra Privacy: Ensures secure storage and auto-deletion of Aadhaar and boarding data post-travel.

Concerns Raised

• Market Concentration: MPs highlighted concerns over Air India and Indigo’s duopoly in fares and routes.
• Privatization: Notable airports handed to Adani Group raised debates.
• Title Controversy: MPs debated the Hindi title’s adoption versus an English title like the Indian Aircraft Act.

Sex Ratio and Girl Child Enrollment Show Positive Trends Under BBBP Scheme

The Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) scheme, launched on January 22, 2015, under the Ministry of Women & Child Development in collaboration with the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, has achieved notable progress in improving the Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB) and Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) for girls.

Provisional data from the Health Management Information System (HMIS) shows SRB improved from 918 in 2014-15 to 930 in 2023-24. GER at the secondary level has risen from 75.51% in 2014-15 to 79.4% in 2021-22, as per UDISE+ data. The scheme focuses on eliminating gender-biased practices, ensuring girl child protection, and promoting education.

Achievements

• Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB): Improved from 918 (2014-15) to 930 (2023-24) as per HMIS data.
• Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER): Increased from 75.51% (2014-15) to 79.4% (2021-22) at the secondary level (UDISE+ data).

Implementation Framework

Funding: Centrally sponsored under Sambal vertical of Mission Shakti with 100% central government funding.

District-wise Fund Allocation:

• SRB ≤ 918: ₹40 lakh/year.
• SRB 919–952: ₹30 lakh/year.
• SRB > 952: ₹20 lakh/year.

Disbursal Mechanism: Through the Public Financial Management System (PFMS) via Single Nodal Agencies (SNA).

Activity Calendar and Monitoring

• Operational Manual: Includes a year-round Activity Calendar aligned with key dates like October 11 (International Day of the Girl Child).
• Campaigns: 10-day campaign from October 2-11, 2024, across all States/UTs.
• Monitoring: Regular reviews, video conferences, and annual Programme Approval Board meetings.

Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) Scheme

Launched: On January 22, 2015.

Ministry: The scheme was launched by the Ministry of Women and Child Development (MWCD), in collaboration with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and the Ministry of Education.

Objective: The BBBP scheme aims to:

• Prevent gender-based discrimination.
• Ensure the survival, protection, and education of the girl child.
• Address issues of declining child sex ratio and empower girls through education and awareness.

International news

Nebraska Declares December 6 as Mahatma Gandhi Remembrance Day

A bust of Mahatma Gandhi was unveiled at the Nebraska State Capitol on December 6, 2024, marking the day as “A Day of Remembrance for Mahatma Gandhi.” Nebraska Governor Jim Pillen declared this special day to honor Gandhi’s principles of non-violence, tolerance, and justice, emphasizing their relevance in today’s world. The event was a collaboration between the Indian Consulate in Seattle and the Governor’s Office in Nebraska, reflecting cultural understanding and long-term partnership.

Significance

• Bust Unveiled: Gifted by the Indian government, symbolizes Gandhi’s legacy of Ahimsa (non-violence) and Satyagraha (truth force).
• Proclamation by Governor Jim Pillen: Honors Gandhi as a global symbol of peace, justice, and tolerance, emphasizing his teachings’ modern relevance.

Economy news

SBI Report Projects India’s GDP Growth to Drop Below 6.5% for FY25

According to State Bank of India (SBI)’s Economic Research Department (ERD) report released on 29th November 2024, India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is most likely to drop below 6.5% for the current Financial Year 2024-25 (FY25) as GDP growth in the 2nd Quarter (Q2: July-September) of FY25 slowed to 5.4%.

 India’s GDP growth plunged below 6.0% in Q2FY25 after 7 quarters is mainly attributed by sluggish growth in the industry sector which decelerated to 6-quarters low to 3.6% in Q2 of the current financial year.

Key Factors for Slowdown: The main contributor to the slowdown is sluggish growth in the industrial sector, which grew at a 6-quarter low of 3.6% in Q2FY25.

Sectoral Performance:

• Industry: The incremental growth in the industrial sector dropped significantly to Rs 42,515 crore in Q2FY25, down from Rs 1.4 lakh crore in Q2FY24.
• Agriculture: Agriculture sector growth improved to 3.5% in Q2FY25, up from 1.7% in the same period last year, but its contribution to overall growth is minimal (40 bps).
• Services: Services sector grew by 7.1% in Q2FY25, slightly higher than the 6.0% growth in Q2FY24 but lower than the 7.2% growth in Q1FY25.
• GDP Growth Projections: The real GDP growth in the first half (H1FY25) was 6.0%. Projections for the second half (H2FY25) range between 6.5% to 6.8%.
• GVA and Nominal GDP: The Gross Value Added (GVA) grew by 5.6%, while nominal GDP grew by 8% in Q2FY25.

About SBI:

• Chairman: Challa Sreenivasulu Setty
• Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra
• Founded: July 1, 1955
• Tagline: “The Banker to Every Indian”

Banking news

RBI Introduces Podcast Facility for Public Communication

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI), led by Governor Shaktikanta Das, has announced a podcast series to enhance public communication and financial literacy, part of its broader efforts to promote transparency and education.

Key Developments

Podcast Series

• Aims to provide insights on monetary policy, financial stability, and financial literacy.
• Targets diverse audiences for better public engagement.

Monetary Policy Updates

• Key Interest Rate: Kept unchanged due to inflation risks.
• Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR): Reduced to inject liquidity and support economic growth.

Financial Literacy Initiatives

• Launched booklets in Santali (Ol Chiki) language on financial products and consumer protection, focusing on rural and underserved communities.
• Target groups: Children, farmers, entrepreneurs, self-help groups, and senior citizens.

AI Integration in Financial Systems

• Formation of FREE-AI (Framework for Responsible and Ethical Enablement of AI) to mitigate AI-related risks in the financial sector.
• Development of MuleHunter.AI, a tool to detect mule accounts used in digital fraud.

Public Engagement Efforts: Organized student quiz competitions to increase awareness of financial matters.

RBI Leads Global Gold Purchases with Record Reserves Surge

India’s gold reserves surged to 882 tonnes in October 2024, with the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) adding 27 tonnes to its reserves, as per World Gold Council (WGC) data. This marks a five-fold increase in gold purchases compared to the same period in 2023, totaling 77 tonnes from January to October 2024. Central banks worldwide bought 60 tonnes in October, with RBI leading the surge, contributing significantly to global gold demand.

Gold Reserves: India’s total gold reserves reached 882 tonnes in October 2024, with 510 tonnes held domestically.

RBI’s Purchases: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) added 27 tonnes in October 2024, contributing to a five-fold increase in gold purchases compared to 2023. In total, RBI purchased 77 tonnes from January to October 2024, making India a leading contributor to global central bank gold demand.

Global Central Bank Purchases:

• Turkey: Added 17 tonnes in October, continuing a streak of net buying for 17 consecutive months, totaling 72 tonnes in 2024.
• Poland: Increased its reserves by 8 tonnes in October, reaching 69 tonnes for the year.
• Kazakhstan: Purchased 5 tonnes in October, ending a five-month selling streak.
• Czech Republic: Added 2 tonnes in October, continuing its 20-month streak of gold accumulation.
• Ghana: Expanded its reserves to 28 tonnes, up from 9 tonnes in May 2023.

RBI:

• Founded: 1 April 1935, Kolkata
• Governor: Sanjay Malhotra

Emerging Market Trends: Emerging markets led the global surge in gold purchases, with central banks from these regions accounting for 60% of global gold acquisitions in 2024. India, Turkey, and Poland were key contributors to this trend.

Strategic Asset: The growing demand for gold among central banks reflects its increasing role as a strategic asset, with India playing a significant part in the global gold market’s expansion.

Federal Bank Launches ‘Esteem Savings Account’ for Customers Aged 55 and Above

Aluva (Kerala)-based Indian Private Sector Bank, Federal Bank Limited has launched ‘Esteem Savings Account’ to provide customized financial services for customers aged 55 years and above that will cater the diverse financial needs of them.

Key Features:

Insurance Benefits:

• Free yearly health check-up
• Hospital cash facility
• Doctor-on-call facility

Airport Lounge Access: Two complimentary airport lounge visits per quarter.

Exclusive Discounts: Discounts on health, utilities, and elder care services.

Family Benefits: Complimentary Zero balance accounts for the spouse and two grandchildren.

No Fees on Banking Services: No charges for 10 commonly used banking services, including debit card issuance, NEFT, RTGS, and others.

Locker and Demat Account Benefits:

• 25% discount on locker rent
• AMC waived for the first year on demat account opening.

About Federal Bank:

• Managing Director (MD) & CEO: KVS Manian
• Headquarters: Aluva, Kerala
• Founded: 1931
• Tagline: “Your Perfect Banking Partner”

Appointment news

WTO Reappoints Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala for Second Term as Director General

In November 2024, the World Trade Organization (WTO) General Council unanimously reappointed Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala as the Director General (DG) for a consecutive four-year term.

• Term Details: Her second term will begin on September 1, 2025, following the conclusion of her first term on August 31, 2025.
• Significance: Okonjo-Iweala, the first woman and the first African to lead the WTO, took office as the 7th DG of WTO on March 1, 2021.

World trade organization:

• Purpose: The WTO’s goal is to ensure that trade flows as smoothly, predictably, and freely as possible.
• Headquarters: The WTO is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
• Founding: The WTO was founded on January 1, 1995.

Ranks and report news

India’s Employment Growth: Unemployment Rate Falls to 3.2% in 7 Years

India’s employment landscape has seen significant improvement in recent years, with the unemployment rate dropping from 6% to 3.2% between 2017 and 2024, as per the latest Annual Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) data. The Worker Population Ratio (WPR), indicating the share of the working-age population employed, rose from 46.8% to 58.2% during this period, demonstrating strong job creation despite challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This marks a notable shift from earlier notions of “jobless growth” and highlights India’s progress in economic and employment expansion.

Key Trends in Employment Growth

• Job Creation: Between 2016-17 and 2022-23, India added 170 million jobs, a 36% increase, while GDP grew by an average of 6.5%. This growth dispels the myth of “jobless growth.”
• Labor Market Strengthening: Employment has consistently risen since the 1980s, with the WPR increasing by nearly 26% from 2017-2023, highlighting strong job generation across sectors.

Youth, Female, and Gig Workforce Trends

• Youth Employment: The unemployment rate for youth (ages 15-29) decreased from 17.8% in 2017-18 to 10% in 2022-23, signaling better employment prospects for young workers.
• Female Labor Force Participation: Policies encouraging female workforce participation have led to steady growth in female employment.
• Gig Economy Growth: India’s gig economy is set to expand, with an estimated workforce of 23.5 million by 2029-30.

Economic Survey and Employment Indicators

• Labor Market Improvements: The Economic Survey confirms a positive employment trend, with the unemployment rate reaching 3.2% in FY 2023. Payroll additions under EPFO have doubled from 61.1 lakh in FY 2019 to 131.5 lakh in FY 2024.
• Manufacturing and AI: The manufacturing sector remains a strong contributor to job creation, while advancements in AI are expected to further influence the employment landscape.

India’s Economic Outlook

GDP Growth: India’s real GDP is expected to grow by 8.2% in FY 2023-24, up from 7% in the previous fiscal year, primarily driven by strong manufacturing and mining performance, reinforcing the link between economic growth and job creation.

Summit news

India to Chair 68th Session of UN Commission on Narcotic Drugs

India has achieved a significant milestone by being named to chair the 68th Session of the UN Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND), marking the first time the country has been chosen for this prestigious role. Ambassador Shambhu S Kumaran, India’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations in Vienna, officially assumed the chairmanship of this crucial forum. The CND, a key policy-making body of the UN, focuses on addressing global drug-related issues and promoting international collaboration on drug control measures.

• Role of the UN Commission on Narcotic Drugs (CND): The CND is a key UN body responsible for monitoring global drug trends, advising member states on drug policies, and overseeing international drug conventions. It also functions as the governing body of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) and operates under the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC).
• India’s Leadership and Responsibilities: India’s appointment as Chair underscores its growing leadership in global policy discussions. As Chair, India is set to represent the interests of developing nations, particularly those from the Global South, ensuring their voices are heard in global drug policy debates. India will advocate for inclusive approaches and foster dialogue between emerging economies and developed nations.
• Focus Areas of the 68th Session: The agenda for the 68th session will center on global issues such as illicit drug trafficking, substance abuse, and the health impacts of drugs. India aims to promote evidence-based solutions, ensure better access to controlled substances for medical and scientific purposes, and uphold sustainable, equitable strategies in addressing global drug challenges.

Important days

Armed Forces Flag Day 2024: Date, History and Significance

India celebrates Armed Forces Flag Day annually on December 7 to honor the bravery, sacrifices, and commitment of the Indian Armed Forces. This day recognizes the dedication of Army, Navy, and Air Force personnel in safeguarding the nation’s freedom and security. It is also a day for citizens to express gratitude and contribute to the welfare of armed forces personnel, veterans, and their families.

History of Armed Forces Flag Day

Armed Forces Flag Day was first observed on December 7, 1949, under the Ministry of Defence to raise funds through the distribution of symbolic flags. The initiative aimed to honor the sacrifices of military personnel and increase awareness about their welfare.

In 1993, the Ministry of Defence unified various welfare funds for war victims, ex-servicemen, and their families into the Armed Forces Flag Day Fund, streamlining support for these groups and creating a platform for civilian contributions.

Significance of Armed Forces Flag Day

Armed Forces Flag Day holds deep significance:

• Acknowledging Sacrifices: It honors those who have given their lives in service to the nation.
• Strengthening Patriotism: It fosters unity and patriotism by connecting civilians with the armed forces.
• Supporting Veterans: Funds raised on this day directly support war widows, dependents, retired soldiers, and veterans in need.

How Armed Forces Flag Day is Observed

Armed Forces Flag Day is marked by various events and activities across India:

• Traditional and Cultural Activities: Military staff organize plays, parades, and performances that highlight the valor and heritage of the Indian Armed Forces.
• Distribution of Tricolor Flags: Citizens are encouraged to purchase and wear vehicle flags in red, dark blue, and light blue, representing the Army, Navy, and Air Force, respectively, to show solidarity.
• Fundraising Efforts: The Defence Ministry and Kendriya Sainik Board lead fundraising efforts, with proceeds supporting war widows, disabled soldiers, veterans, and welfare initiatives.

Armed Forces Flag Day Fund Established in 1949, the Armed Forces Flag Day Fund channels donations to support military personnel and their families. The fund is managed by the Defence Minister’s Committee and overseen by the Kendriya Sainik Board, ensuring that the contributions are effectively utilized to improve the welfare of veterans and their dependents.

UNGA Declares December 21 as World Meditation Day

The UN General Assembly (UNGA) has unanimously adopted a resolution declaring December 21 as World Meditation Day, a move co-sponsored by India and supported by countries such as Liechtenstein, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Mexico, and Andorra. This resolution emphasizes meditation’s role in promoting comprehensive well-being, inner peace, and helping individuals cope with modern challenges, such as stress and anxiety.

• The date of December 21, the Winter Solstice, is significant in Indian tradition as a time for reflection and spiritual growth, making it an ideal occasion for World Meditation Day. This new observance complements the International Day of Yoga, which is celebrated on June 21 (the Summer Solstice), reflecting India’s leadership in promoting global wellness practices.

• India’s Role and Leadership: India played a pivotal role in championing this resolution, reinforcing its commitment to global human well-being in line with the philosophy of “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” (The world is one family). Ambassador Parvathaneni Harish highlighted that the declaration aligns with India’s civilizational values and its ongoing efforts to foster practices that contribute to mental, emotional, physical, and spiritual harmony.

Meditation as a Tool for Global Wellness

The resolution recognizes the ancient roots of meditation while emphasizing its modern relevance. Scientific research has shown that meditation has various benefits, including:

• Reducing stress and promoting mental clarity.
• Improving cognitive and physical health.
• Fostering harmony between humans and nature.

This global initiative aims to inspire individuals around the world to embrace meditation as a tool for inner transformation and holistic health.

International Civil Aviation Day 2024,History, Significance, Theme of 2024

International Civil Aviation Day (ICAD) is observed annually on December 7 to celebrate the profound impact of civil aviation on global development. Established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1996, ICAD underscores the vital role of aviation in driving economic growth, fostering cultural exchange, and ensuring global connectivity.

Historical Background

• Chicago Convention (1944): The Chicago Convention, signed by 54 nations, laid the foundation for international regulations for civil aviation, establishing global standards for air travel.
• First Celebration: ICAD was first celebrated in 1994 during the 50th anniversary of the Chicago Convention, marking a significant milestone in aviation history.
• UN Recognition: In 1996, the United Nations General Assembly formally proclaimed December 7 as International Civil Aviation Day.

Purpose and Objectives

The observance of International Civil Aviation Day focuses on several key objectives:

• Promote Aviation’s Role: Highlighting aviation’s crucial contribution to global trade, tourism, and cultural exchange.
• Highlight Sustainability: Encouraging the aviation industry to reduce its environmental impact, with a focus on achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2050.
• Encourage Innovation: Inspiring advancements in aviation technology, safety, and operational efficiency.
• Foster Global Cooperation: Strengthening international partnerships and promoting unified aviation standards across the globe.
• Acknowledge Contributions: Recognizing the dedication and hard work of aviation professionals such as pilots, engineers, air traffic controllers, and regulatory authorities.

2024 Theme: “Safe Skies. Sustainable Future” The theme for 2024 marks the 80th anniversary of the Chicago Convention and celebrates the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)’s achievements in advancing safe and sustainable air travel. The focus areas for this year include:

• Reducing aviation’s carbon footprint to combat climate change.
• Encouraging the adoption of green technologies within the aviation sector.
• Aligning aviation industry efforts with global sustainability goals and environmental initiatives.

Obituary news

Omchery N.N. Pillai, Renowned Malayalam Writer, Passes Away at 100

Renowned writer & Kendra Sahitya Akademi awardee Omchery NN Pillai passed away In November 2024, Renowned Malayalam playwright and writer Professor Omchery N.N. Pillai passed away at the age of 100 in New Delhi, Delhi. He was born on February 1, 1924 at Kottayam, Kerala.

Career Highlights:

• All India Radio: Pillai started his career in 1951 with All India Radio, joining its Malayalam news division.
• First Play: His first play, Ee Velicham Ningaludethakunnu (This Light is Ours), was written at the suggestion of A.K. Gopalan, the Leader of Opposition in the Indian Parliament.
• Writing Style: Known for experimenting with form, technique, and themes, he wrote over 80 one-act plays and nine full-length plays.

Awards and Recognitions:

• Kendra Sahitya Akademi Award (2020): Awarded for his memoir Akasmikam (The Accidental).
• Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award (1972): For his play Pralayam.
• Sahitya Akademi Award (2010): For his overall contribution to Malayalam literature.

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National news

PMGDISHA Achieves 6.39 Crore Digital Literacy Milestone

The Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (PMGDISHA) is a flagship scheme launched under the Digital India Programme to bridge the digital literacy gap in rural India. It aims to empower rural citizens with essential digital skills, enabling them to utilize IT tools for improving their livelihoods and accessing online services.

Key Features of PMGDISHA

Objective:

• To make one member from each rural household digitally literate.
• Targeted underserved groups, including SC/ST, women, and differently-abled individuals.
• Addressed the digital divide highlighted by the 71st NSSO Survey (2014), which revealed that only 6% of rural households owned computers.

Target and Achievement:

Initial target: 6 crore rural households.

• Achievement (as of March 31, 2024):
• 7.35 crore individuals enrolled.
• 6.39 crore trained.
• 4.78 crore certified.

Implementation:

Nationwide implementation through training centers supervised by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) in collaboration with State Implementing Agencies.

Training duration: 20 hours spread over 10–30 days.

Training included:

• Device functionality.
• Internet browsing.
• Cashless payments.
• Accessing online government services.

Focus Groups:

• Non-smartphone users.
• Below Poverty Line (BPL) households.
• School dropouts.

State-Wise Performance

Top Performing States:

• Uttar Pradesh: 1.45 crore trained individuals (highest in the country).
• Bihar: 74.12 lakh trained individuals.
• Maharashtra: 53.23 lakh trained individuals.

Challenges in Smaller Regions: Lakshadweep and Manipur reported limited participation due to demographic constraints.

About the scheme:

The Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan

• Objective: PMGDISHA is a government initiative aimed at promoting digital literacy among rural populations in India, especially targeting the marginalized and underprivileged sections, to empower them with the necessary skills to use digital tools and services.
• Key Features: Target Audience: The scheme focuses on individuals in rural areas, particularly those aged 14 to 60 years, with an emphasis on women, Scheduled Castes (SC), Scheduled Tribes (ST), and differently-abled people.

Launched: The initiative was launched in 2017 under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) as part of the government’s efforts to make India a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.

PMSGMBY: 10 Lakh Solar Installations by 2025, 1 Crore by 2027

The Pradhan Mantri Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana (PMSGMBY), the world’s largest domestic rooftop solar scheme, is rapidly transforming India’s solar energy landscape. Launched in February 2024, the scheme has already achieved impressive milestones, with 6.3 lakh installations in just 9 months—averaging 70,000 per month, a sharp increase from the 7,000 per month prior to its launch. By March 2025, installations are projected to exceed 10 lakh, and the scheme aims for one crore installations by March 2027.

Overview

• Launch: February 2024.
• Goal: Install 1 crore domestic rooftop solar systems by March 2027.

Key Achievements

Record Growth:

• 6.3 lakh installations in 9 months (70,000/month).
• Projected to surpass 10 lakh by March 2025 and 40 lakh by March 2026.
• State Leaders: Gujarat, Maharashtra, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh.

Subsidy Disbursement

• ₹3,100 crore disbursed to 4 lakh consumers.
• 67,000 households receiving subsidies monthly.

NSIC Pays Record Dividend of Rs. 37.97 Crore for FY 2023-24

The National Small Industries Corporation Limited (NSIC), a Mini Ratna enterprise under the Ministry of MSME, achieved a milestone by paying its highest-ever dividend of Rs. 37.97 crore to the Government of India for the financial year 2023-24. Chairman-cum-Managing Director, Dr. Subhransu Sekhar Acharya, presented the dividend cheque to Shri Jitan Ram Manjhi, Hon’ble Union Minister, and Sushri Shobha Karandlaje, Hon’ble MoS, Ministry of MSME, in the presence of senior ministry officials, marking a significant achievement in the corporation’s history.

Key Achievements (FY 2023-24)

Highest Dividend: Paid a record ₹37.97 crore dividend to the Government of India.

Financial Growth:

• Revenue: ₹3,273 crore (18.16% growth YoY).
• Profit After Tax (PAT): ₹126.56 crore (14.55% growth YoY).

Leadership Remarks

• Shri Jitan Ram Manjhi, Union Minister: Applauded NSIC’s role in empowering MSMEs and urged expansion in skill development and enterprise creation.
• Sushri Shobha Karandlaje, MoS: Highlighted NSIC’s contribution to MSME growth and innovation.

National Small Industries Corporation Limited (NSIC)

Overview: The National Small Industries Corporation Limited (NSIC) is a government-owned organization that plays a significant role in promoting, supporting, and developing small-scale industries in India. It was established in 1955 by the Government of India under the Ministry of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) with the aim of fostering the growth of small industries.

• Headquarters: New Delhi
• Chairman-cum-Managing Director (CMD) of the National Small Industries Corporation Limited (NSIC) is Satyendra Kumar Singh.

India Intensifies Efforts to Reduce Snakebite Deaths by 2030

India, which accounts for nearly 50% of global snakebite deaths, has declared snakebite a notifiable disease at the national level. This initiative aims to reduce the high mortality and morbidity rates associated with snakebites, particularly in rural and tribal areas, and aligns with the World Health Organization’s (WHO) target of halving global snakebite deaths and injuries by 2030. By mandating reporting of all snakebite cases and deaths, the move enables better surveillance, treatment, and prevention strategies, offering hope to marginalized communities disproportionately affected by this neglected public health issue.

Declaration and Implementation:

• The Union Health Ministry announced on November 27, 2024, that snakebites will now be a notifiable disease at the national level.
• The notification was signed by Union Health Secretary Punya Salila Srivastava.

Mandatory Reporting: All government and private healthcare facilities, including medical colleges, are required to report suspected or confirmed snakebite cases and deaths under relevant state health laws.

Alignment with WHO Goals: This move aligns with the World Health Organization (WHO) target of halving global snakebite deaths and injuries by 2030.

Objective

• The initiative aims to reduce mortality and morbidity due to snakebites, especially in rural and tribal areas, by improving surveillance, treatment, and prevention strategies.
• It addresses a critical public health issue disproportionately affecting marginalized communities.

Launch of “Bal Vivah Mukt Bharat” Campaign to Combat Child Marriage and Empower Girls

On November 27 2024, Union Minister for Women and Child Development, Annapurna Devi, launched the “Bal Vivah Mukt Bharat” campaign in Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi(Delhi) to eradicate child marriage and empower young girls across the nation. This national initiative is a strategic effort to combat child marriage, ensuring that every girl has the opportunity to be educated, protected, and free to pursue her dreams.

• Objective: The “Bal Vivah Mukt Bharat” campaign was launched by Union Minister for Women and Child Development, Annapurna Devi at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi, on November 27, 2024. The initiative aims to eradicate child marriage and empower young girls across India.
• Campaign Details: The initiative seeks to ensure that every girl has access to education, protection, and the freedom to pursue her aspirations without being subject to child marriage.
• Significance of the Launch: The launch coincides with the 16 Days of Activism Against Gender-Based Violence, running from November 25 (International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women) to December 10 (Human Rights Day). This provides a platform to highlight the importance of ending child marriage as part of broader gender-based violence efforts.

Key Features:

• Child Marriage Free Bharat Portal: A crucial online platform was introduced to empower citizens to:Report child marriage incidents.File complaints.
• Access information about Child Marriage Prohibition Officers (CMPOS) across the country.

Additional Statistical Insight:

Sex Ratio at Birth (SRB) in India has improved from 918 in 2014-15 to 930 in 2023-24, reflecting a positive trend in gender balance.

Inauguration of First Underground Shooting Range for NCC Cadets in Delhi

In November 2024, Atishi Marlena Sing, Chief Minister (CM) of Delhi, inaugurated the first underground shooting range for National Cadet Corps (NCC) cadets at the NCC Bhawan in Rohini, New Delhi(Delhi).

The inauguration of this facility marks a significant milestone in the development of NCC cadets, providing them with world-class resources to enhance their training and skills.

Key Highlights: First Underground Shooting Range: The inauguration marks the establishment of the first underground shooting range for National Cadet Corps (NCC) cadets in India, a significant development aimed at enhancing training facilities for young cadets.

Facility Features:

• 25-meter Firing Range: Equipped with six firing lanes and bulletproof ceilings to ensure safety for the cadets.
• Electronic Target Control System: Allows uninterrupted training with 24/7 access.
• Night Firing Capability: Supports training in varying conditions with focused lighting.
• Automatic Steel Bullet Trap System: Ensures safety and efficiency during practice.
• Advanced Software: Facilitates precise target control for training with various small arms.
• Complementary Facility: The shooting range complements the upcoming range at a government school in Kalkaji, enhancing accessibility for NCC cadets.

About National Cadet Corps (NCC):

• Established: 1948
• Objective: To nurture young citizens with leadership, discipline, and a sense of national service, aiming to develop a pool of trained youth ready to serve the nation in various capacities.

International news

India-UK Collaboration on Electric Propulsion Systems for Indian Navy

India and the United Kingdom (UK) signed a Statement of Intent (SOI) to collaborate on Design & Development of Electric Propulsion Systems for the Indian Navy(IN).

 The signing was part of the third Joint Working Group on Electric Propulsion Capability Partnership (JWG EPCP) meeting, symbolising the commitment to promote indigenous development of niche technologies.

Key Highlights:

• Statement of Intent (SOI): India and the UK signed an SOI to collaborate on the design and development of Electric Propulsion Systems for the Indian Navy (IN).
• Objective: The agreement aims to promote the indigenous development of electric propulsion systems for future naval ships.

Major Provisions of the SOI:

• Co-Design, Co-Creation, and Co-Production: The agreement sets a framework for collaborative work in electric propulsion technology.
• Rolls-Royce MT-30 Gas Turbines: The deal includes the use of Rolls-Royce MT-30 turbines in Indian warships, similar to those used in the UK’s HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Prince of Wales.
• Future Projects: The first project involves building Landing Platform Docks (LPDs) at an Indian shipyard, designed with a Full Electric Propulsion System.
• Context: The SOI follows the visit of Catherine West, the British Minister for Indo-Pacific, to India in November 2024, further strengthening defense relations between the two nations.

About the Indian Navy’s Current Propulsion Systems:

The IN currently uses gas turbine, diesel, and some steam engines in its assets, with systems sourced from the USA, Russia, and Ukraine.

About the United Kingdom (UK):

• Prime Minister: Keir Starmer
• Capital: London
• Currency: British Pound Sterling (GBP)

BRICS Sherpa and Sous-Sherpa Meeting in Ekaterinburg, Russia – November 2024

• The final Sherpa and Sous-Sherpa meeting of BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) took place from 27th to 28th November 2024 in Ekaterinburg, Russia.
• Chairmanship Handover: The meeting marked the ceremonial handover of the BRICS chairmanship from Russia to Brazil, concluding Russia’s leadership in 2024.

Key Highlights:

• Progress in Various Sectors: Sergey Ryabkov, Russia’s Deputy Foreign Minister and BRICS Sherpa, highlighted BRICS’ advancements in politics, security, economics, and humanitarian efforts.
• Over 250 Events: Russia organized more than 250 events aimed at enhancing cooperation within BRICS during its presidency.

Key Accomplishments Under Russia’s Leadership:

Agreements Signed:

• Establishment of a BRICS grain exchange.
• Formation of a contact group on climate and sustainable development.
• Launch of a geological, technological, and investment platform.
• Creation of a working group on nuclear medicine.

XVI BRICS Summit in Kazan (22-24 October 2024):

Adoption of the Kazan Declaration.

• BRICS Expansion: Egypt, Iran, UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Ethiopia became full members in 2024.
• New BRICS Partners: Belarus, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand joined as BRICS partners.
• The meeting in Ekaterinburg symbolized the transition of leadership, reflecting the continued strengthening of BRICS as a global bloc.

Brics:

• Founders: Russia, China, India, Brazil
• Founded: 16 June 2009
• Official languages: English, Arabic, Amharic, Chinese, Russian, Hindi, Persian, Portuguese

Economy news

Morgan Stanley Cuts India’s FY25 GDP Growth to 6.3%

Morgan Stanley has revised India’s GDP growth projection for FY25 down to 6.3%, from its previous estimate of 6.7%. This downward revision comes after India’s GDP growth slowed to 5.4% in the July-September 2024 quarter, marking its lowest level since March 2023. This reflects a broader economic slowdown, driven by weaker private consumption and capital expenditure (capex), though the services sector showed resilience. Despite this dip, Morgan Stanley maintains optimism for a recovery in the latter half of FY25, expecting growth to average 6.6%, fueled by government spending, improved rural demand, and easing financial conditions.

Key Points from the Latest Revision

Slowdown in Q2 FY25: India’s GDP growth slowed to 5.4% YoY in Q2, the lowest since March 2023, primarily due to weaker private consumption and subdued capital expenditure (capex).

Sector Performance:

• Private Consumption: Grew by 6%.
• Capex: Lower growth at 5.4%.
• Services Sector: Expanded by 7.1%, showing resilience.

Industry: Lagged with only a 3.9% increase, driven by declines in manufacturing and electricity generation.

Monetary Policy and Liquidity Measures

• RBI’s Role: Interest Rates: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is expected to keep interest rates unchanged in its December 6 review, with inflation projected to ease to 5-5.5% in the next two months.
• Liquidity Measures: The RBI may implement liquidity-enhancing measures like open market operations (OMO) to address tight banking system liquidity.

Banking news

RBI Increases UPI Lite Wallet and Transaction Limits

In a bid to enhance digital payments, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has raised the UPI Lite wallet limit to Rs 5,000, with an increase in the per-transaction limit to Rs 1,000. This adjustment, announced after the RBI’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting on October 9, 2024, aims to promote wider adoption of UPI Lite and ease offline transactions, providing a more seamless experience for users.

Key Changes

• Per-Transaction Limit: Increased from ₹500 to ₹1,000, enabling higher-value offline payments.
• Total Wallet Limit: Raised from ₹2,000 to ₹5,000, allowing users to store more funds for small-value transactions.
• Replenishment: Can only be done online, secured with Additional Factor Authentication (AFA) for enhanced security.

Impact on UPI Lite and Offline Transactions

• Facilitates offline small-value payments without a UPI PIN or internet connection.
• Expected to drive adoption in areas with limited connectivity, offering seamless digital payment options.

UPI Growth and Global Expansion

International Reach: Active in Sri Lanka, Mauritius, and Singapore, with talks underway for adoption in over 20 countries across Africa and South America.

Transaction Growth:

• October 2024: 516 million daily transactions worth ₹71,840 crore.
• Continued robust growth despite slight fluctuations in volume and value.
• This initiative underscores RBI’s commitment to advancing digital payments and enhancing user convenience through UPI Lite.

RBI:

• Founded: 1 April 1935, Kolkata
• Governor: Shaktikanta Das

Science and tech news

Successful Nationwide Launch of e-Daakhil Portal for Consumer Grievance Redressal

The e-Daakhil portal, launched by the Department of Consumer Affairs (DoCA), Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution (MoCAF&PD), has been successfully implemented across all States and Union Territories (UTs) of India. The final launch was carried out in Ladakh on 22nd November 2024 by Lieutenant Governor Brig. (Dr.) B.D. Mishra (Retd.), making it a pan-India initiative.

Key Features of e-Daakhil:

• Launched initially on 7th September 2020 by the National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission (NCDRC) to simplify the consumer grievance process.
• Provides a cost-effective, quick, and paperless method for filing complaints, eliminating the need for physical appearances.
• Offers an easy-to-use interface for users to file complaints, track their status, and make payments.
• Promotes transparency and a hassle-free, online mechanism for filing cases.

Current Statistics:

• Over 2.81 lakh users registered on the portal.
• 1,98,725 cases filed, with 38,453 cases disposed of.

The government is also planning to introduce a new initiative, “e-Jagriti”, to further enhance the consumer grievance redressal process.

National Consumer Dispute Redressal Commission (NCDRC)

• Established: 1988 under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.
• Nature: A quasi-judicial commission tasked with resolving consumer disputes.
• President: Justice Amreshwar Pratap Sahi.
• Headquarters: New Delhi, Delhi.

Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution (MoCAF&PD)

• Union Minister: Pralhad Joshi (Constituency: Dharwad, Karnataka).

Ministers of State (MOS):

• Banwari Lal Verma (Rajya Sabha – Uttar Pradesh).
• Nimuben Jayantibhai Bambhaniya (Constituency: Bhavnagar, Gujarat).

Ranks and report news

Anna University Tops Among Indian Universities in THE’s Inaugural Interdisciplinary Science Rankings (ISR) 2025

Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, has secured the 42nd position globally with an overall score of 66.1, making it the only Indian university to feature in the top 50 of the list.

Top Global Universities:

• 1st: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA, with a score of 92.4.
• 2nd: Stanford University, USA.
• 3rd: National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.

India’s Representation:

India has 65 universities featured in the rankings, making it the most represented country. However, no Indian university made it to the top 10 or top 20.

Regional Representation in Top 100:

• Asia leads with 47 institutions from 15 countries.
• Followed by Europe (24), North America (17), Africa (5), Oceania (4), and South America (3).

About Times Higher Education (THE):

• Formerly: The Times Higher Education Supplement (The THES).
• Focus: News and issues related to higher education.
• CEO: Paul Howarth.
• Headquarters: London, United Kingdom.

Defence news

Adani Defence Delivers 2nd Drishti-10 Drone to Indian Navy for Maritime Security

Adani Defence has delivered the second Drishti-10 Starliner surveillance drone to the Indian Navy, enhancing the nation’s maritime capabilities. This marks a significant leap in India’s indigenous defence technology, underscoring the country’s focus on self-reliance. The Drishti-10 drone is a highly advanced intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) platform designed to monitor vast maritime territories, mitigate piracy, and provide over-the-horizon surveillance with unmatched endurance.

Key Features of Drishti-10 Starliner Drone

Endurance & Payload: 36-hour endurance and a 450 kg payload capacity for extended surveillance.

All-Weather Capability: Certified with NATO STANAG 4671, allowing operation in both segregated and unsegregated airspace.

Advanced Surveillance: Supports multi-payload, fully autonomous operations with satellite communication, crucial for maritime security and surveillance.

Strategic Significance

• Indigenous Capability: The Drishti-10 highlights India’s advancing indigenous UAV technologies, showcasing resilience in harsh terrains like the Himalayas.
• Rapid Progress: Adani Defence delivered the MALE UAV in under three years, a milestone typically achieved in five to six years in the industry.
• Strategic Interests: This delivery strengthens India’s maritime surveillance capabilities, marking a significant step toward self-reliance in defence technology and enhancing national security.

Important days

World Soil Day 2024: Understanding Its Importance and Combating Soil Degradation

World Soil Day, observed annually on 5th December, highlights the importance of healthy soil and advocates for the sustainable management of soil resources. This global event aims to raise awareness about soil conservation and its role in sustaining life on Earth.

Background

• Inception: Proposed by the International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS) in 2002.
• Endorsement: In 2013, the FAO Conference endorsed it, and the UN General Assembly officially recognized December 5 as World Soil Day in 2014.
• Significance of Date: December 5 honors the birth anniversary of H.M King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand, a strong supporter of soil conservation. After his passing in 2016, the day became a tribute to his leadership.
• Theme for 2024: “Caring for Soils: Measure, Monitor, Manage”

Focus: The theme emphasizes the importance of measuring, monitoring, and managing soil health for sustainable agriculture and food security.

Importance of Soil

• Supports Plant Life: Provides essential nutrients, water, and minerals.
• Biodiversity: Home to millions of microorganisms and insects.
• Food Production: Critical for producing 95% of the world’s food.
• Climate Mitigation: Soils help store carbon and combat climate change.
• Water Filtration: Soils filter water and recycle nutrients.

Significance: World Soil Day advocates for sustainable soil management, ensuring the long-term health of ecosystems and the planet.

International Volunteer Day 2024: Date, History and Theme

International Volunteer Day is celebrated annually on December 5 by the United Nations (UN) to recognize the vital contributions of volunteers to economic and social development.

Goal: This day highlights the transformative power of volunteerism in addressing global challenges and advancing progress at local, national, and international levels.

Theme for 2024: “Diverse Volunteers, Stronger Communities”

• Focus: Emphasizes the essential role of diverse volunteers in creating inclusive and resilient communities.
• SDG Contribution: Volunteerism is critical in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by fostering participation, bridging gaps, and encouraging collaboration across generations.

History of International Volunteer Day

• 1985: UN General Assembly established International Volunteer Day through Resolution 40/212, urging governments to observe it on December 5 annually.
• 1997: International Year of Volunteers (IYV) was proclaimed in 2001, recognizing the work of volunteers and aiming to enhance their support.
• 2001: Set recommendations for governments and the UN system to encourage volunteer support and recognition.
• 2002: Strengthened the UN Volunteers (UNV) programme to maximize the potential of IVD.
• 2008: Marked the 10th Anniversary of IYV with special UN sessions.

UN Volunteers Programme in 2024

• 13,000+ on-site volunteers served with 70+ UN entities.
• A record 10,000 online volunteers contributed from 180 countries, showcasing the importance of volunteer diversity in achieving global development objectives.

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We at Edusprint Academy are committed to bringing you the most relevant and updated 5th December current affairs 2024, curated from trusted and official sources. These updates are designed to keep you ahead in your exam preparation journey.

Our comprehensive Current Affairs December 2024 coverage aims to enhance your knowledge and boost your scores in Banking, Insurance, SSC, Railways, UPSC, and all State Government Exams. Explore our Current Affairs tailored to simplify your exam preparation.

National news

India Welcomes Its 57th Tiger Reserve: Ratapani Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh

The Union Minister for Environment, Forest, and Climate Change, Shri Bhupender Yadav, has officially announced the notification of the Ratapani Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh as India’s 57th Tiger Reserve. This remarkable step emphasizes India’s commitment to tiger conservation and highlights the nation’s dedication to preserving its rich biodiversity.

Details of Ratapani Tiger Reserve

Geographical Details:

• Core Area: 763.8 sq km
• Buffer Area: 507.6 sq km
• Total Area: 1,271.4 sq km

Location: Spans across the forests of Ratapani, Bhopal, and Sehore in Madhya Pradesh.

State Significance:

• Ratapani is the 8th tiger reserve in Madhya Pradesh.
• Reinforces Madhya Pradesh’s title as the “Tiger State of India.”

Ecological Importance:

• Boasts rich biodiversity and serves as a critical habitat for tigers and other wildlife.
• Focuses on enhancing wildlife management and providing secure habitats.
• Conservation Initiatives for Ratapani

Standard Protection and Habitat Management:

• Enhanced security measures for flora and fauna.
• Implementation of scientific habitat management to maintain a balanced ecosystem.

India’s Commitment to Tiger Conservation

Madhya Pradesh’s Role:

• Madhya Pradesh hosts 8 tiger reserves, including Kanha, Bandhavgarh, Pench, Panna, and now Ratapani.
• Plays a pivotal role in India’s tiger conservation strategy.

Project Tiger:

• Launched in 1973, it has significantly expanded over the years.
• Provides critical protection to tigers, ensuring their survival and habitat preservation.

Madhya Pradesh:

• Capital: Bhopal (Executive Branch)
• Governor: Mangubhai C. Patel
• Chief minister: Mohan Yadav

Mahila Samman Savings Certificate: Empowering Women Financially

As of 31st October 2024, the Mahila Samman Savings Certificate (MSSC) scheme has achieved a significant milestone with over 43 lakh accounts opened. Launched on 31st March 2023 by the Government of India to commemorate the ‘Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav’, the scheme aims to provide financial security to women and minor girls, empowering them with a safe and attractive investment option. This initiative is part of the broader goal of enhancing financial inclusion and supporting the financial independence of women across the nation.

• Objective: Provide financial security to women and minor girls, empowering them with a safe and attractive investment option.
• Occasion: Launched to commemorate the ‘Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav.’
• Milestone: As of 31st October 2024, over 43 lakh accounts have been opened.
• Broader Goal: Enhance financial inclusion and support women’s financial independence across India.

Key Features of MSSC Scheme

Eligibility: Women or guardians of minor girls can open an account.

Deposit Limits:

• Minimum Deposit: ₹1,000
• Maximum Deposit: ₹2,00,000

Interest Rate: Rate: 7.5% per annum (compounded quarterly).

Tenure: Fixed at 2 years from the date of deposit.

Flexibility: Partial Withdrawals: Up to 40% of the balance is allowed.

Premature Closure: Permitted on compassionate grounds (e.g., medical emergencies, death of the account holder).

Significance of the Scheme

• Promotes women’s financial empowerment by offering a secure and lucrative savings option.
• Contributes to financial inclusion and supports the broader objective of gender equality in economic participation.
• Enhances access to financial products tailored to the needs of women and minor girls.

Kirti Vardhan Singh Launches Nano Bubble Tech to Purify Delhi Zoo Pond Water

Union Minister of State for Environment, Forest, and Climate Change, Kirti Vardhan Singh, inaugurated a 15-day trial of Nano Bubble Technology at the National Zoological Park in Delhi on Tuesday. This initiative is aimed at improving the water quality in the zoo’s ponds to benefit aquatic animals by removing algae, foul odors, and discoloration often caused by polluted water. The success of this trial could lead to the broader implementation of the technology to ensure cleaner, healthier water for the animals.

Objective:

• Improve water quality in zoo ponds to benefit aquatic animals like gharials and marsh crocodiles.
• Address issues of algae, foul odors, and discoloration caused by water pollution.

Technology Highlights:

• Nano Bubble Technology: Uses microscopic bubbles to purify water, removing algae and organic growth.
• Ensures cleaner water for better animal health and visibility.

Expected Benefits:

• Aquatic Animal Health: Cleaner water improves health and well-being.
• Visitor Experience: Enhances visibility of aquatic animals.
• Supports long-term sustainability of zoo habitats.

Economy news

Government Ends Windfall Tax on Crude Oil and Petroleum Exports

The Indian government has abolished the windfall tax on crude petroleum oil, petrol, diesel, and Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF), effective November 2, 2024. Additionally, the Road and Infrastructure Cess on the export of petrol and diesel has been scrapped. Initially imposed on July 1, 2022, to curb abnormal profits by oil companies during the Russia-Ukraine war, the tax aimed to stabilize domestic supplies and fund welfare programs. However, its removal follows a review by the PMO, Revenue Department, and Petroleum Ministry, citing stabilizing crude prices and reduced revenue from the tax.

Overview of the Windfall Tax

Imposed On: Crude petroleum oil, petrol, diesel, and Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF).

Initial Purpose:

• Curb excessive profits of oil companies during the Russia-Ukraine war.
• Stabilize domestic supplies of refined petroleum products.
• Generate revenue for government welfare programs.

Duration: Introduced on July 1, 2022, and scrapped on November 2, 2024.

Impact and Revenue Utilization

Domestic Market Impact:

• Discouraged exports to prioritize domestic supply.
• Aimed to control domestic fuel prices.

Revenue Generated:

• ₹25,000 crore in 2022-23.
• Declined to ₹6,000 crore in 2024-25.
• Funds were allocated for welfare programs.

Ranks and report news

India’s Tiger Population Doubles Since 2006, Reaches 3,682 in 2022

India’s tiger population has grown remarkably, reaching 3,682 in 2022 from 1,411 in 2006, doubling in just over 15 years. The rise reflects a significant annual increase of 6% in consistently monitored areas, with numbers rising from 2,967 in 2018. This achievement has been driven by focused conservation efforts under Project Tiger and measures implemented by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA), the Parliament was informed.

• Tiger Population: Increased from 1,411 in 2006 to 3,682 in 2022, doubling in over 15 years.
• Annual Growth: 6% increase in consistently monitored areas since 2018 (from 2,967 to 3,682).
• Key Drivers: Focused conservation under Project Tiger and measures by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA).

Regional Tiger Population Trends (2018–2022)

Central Indian and Eastern Ghats Landscapes:

• Growth: 1,033 to 1,439 tigers.

Notable Increases:

• Madhya Pradesh: 526 to 785.
• Maharashtra: 312 to 444.
• Declines: Odisha, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand.

Shivalik-Gangetic Plains:

• Growth: 646 to 819 tigers.
• Contribution: Uttarakhand (442 to 560).

Sundarbans: Marginal increase: 88 to 101 tigers.

Northeastern Decline: Arunachal Pradesh: Dropped from 29 to 9 tigers.

Project Tiger and Legislative Framework

Project Tiger:

• Funds allocated based on Tiger Conservation Plans (TCPs).
• Mandated by the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
• Focus on habitat improvement, tiger dispersal, and conflict reduction.

Wildlife Protection:

• Tigers listed under Schedule-I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 for the highest degree of protection.
• Critical tiger habitats declared as Protected Areas.

India Emerges as Prime Global Target for Mobile Malware Attacks

According to a recently published Zscaler ThreatLabz 2024 Mobile IoT and OT Threat report, India has emerged as the most targeted country for mobile malware attacks. The Report, published by the cloud security company Zscaler Inc. on 3rd December 2024, analysed security attacks by hackers on mobile and IoT/OT from June 2023 to May 2024.

India’s Mobile Malware Vulnerability:

• India accounts for 28% of all global mobile malware attacks, making it the most targeted country.
• In the Asia Pacific region, India is responsible for 66.5% of mobile malware attacks.
• India’s global ranking has risen from third in 2023 to first in 2024 in terms of mobile malware attacks.

Global Malware Landscape:

• After India, the United States ranks second for mobile malware attacks, followed by Canada, South Africa, and the Netherlands.
• United States remains the top target for Internet of Things (IoT) attacks, followed by Singapore, United Kingdom, Germany, and Canada.

India’s Malware Origin:

• Within the Asia Pacific region, India ranked seventh as the origin of malware attacks, down from fifth in the previous year.
• The major origin of malware in the region is Singapore, followed by China and South Korea.

Cybersecurity in India

Key Laws and Agencies Information Technology (IT) Act, 2000:

Purpose: Governs cybersecurity, data protection, and cybercrime in India.

Key Features:

• Provides statutory recognition to electronic transactions and communications.
• Safeguards electronic data and prevents unlawful use of computer systems.
• Criminalizes activities like hacking, malware attacks, identity fraud, and phishing.

Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In):

• Established: January 2004 under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology.
• Role: Acts as the national nodal agency for responding to cybersecurity incidents in India.

Key Functions:

• Collects, analyzes, and disseminates information about cybersecurity threats.
• Provides emergency response and remediation measures to combat cyberattacks.

Conclusion: The Zscaler ThreatLabz 2024 report highlights India’s growing vulnerability to mobile malware attacks, underlining the need for enhanced cybersecurity measures and vigilance. As India continues to be a major target for cybercriminals, strengthening the IT Act and enhancing CERT-In’s role in national cybersecurity will be crucial for tackling these threats.

Scheme news

SheSTEM 2024: Empowering Youth-Led Innovation for a Sustainable Future

Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) and the Swedish Embassy, in collaboration with Nordic partners like Innovation Norway, Innovation Centre Denmark, and Business Finland, successfully concluded SheSTEM 2024. This initiative, aimed at inspiring young innovators, celebrated the contributions of women in STEM fields and invited students from grades 6–12 across India to present innovative ideas on Battery Technology and Energy Storage (BEST) systems. The event was part of the India-Nordic BEST project, designed to foster sustainability through advancements in energy storage technologies.

Highlights of SheSTEM 2024

Innovation Challenge:

• Students submitted prototypes or concepts for energy storage solutions via two-minute videos.
• Over 1,000 creative submissions received.

Global Collaboration:

• Part of the India-Nordic BEST project.
• Focused on sustainability and energy storage advancements.
• Swedish Ambassador Jan Thesleff and AIM Mission Director Dr. Chintan Vaishnav highlighted the event’s global impact.

Platform for Future Leaders:

• Encouraged youth engagement in STEM and sustainability.
• Aimed to shape future leaders in science and technology.

AIM’s Contribution to Innovation

• Promoting STEM Education: Initiatives like SheSTEM foster innovation and entrepreneurial culture.
• Supporting Youth Talent: Provides platforms for students to address pressing global challenges.
• Advancing Sustainability: Focuses on solutions for a sustainable, technology-driven world.

Appointment news

Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah elected 5th & first female President of Namibia

Namibia made history when it elected its first woman president, Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah. The current Vice President will succeed the interim President, Nangolo Mbumba. Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah was promoted to Vice President in February this year after President Hage Geingob died in office.

According to the Namibian Electoral Commission, Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah secured 57% of the votes, while her closest rival, Panduleni Itula, got 26%.

About Namibia

• Namibia is located on the southwestern coast of Africa and gained independence from South Africa in 1990.
• Initially, it was called South West Africa, and after independence, it was renamed Namibia.
• Namibia’s total population is around 30 lakhs, and it is one of the most sparsely populated countries in Africa.
• Namibia is a harsh place to live as both the Namib and Kalahari deserts straddle the country.
• Capital:  Windhoek
• Currency: Namibian Dollar

Once sworn in, Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah will be the second woman to be the President of Africa. Samia Suluhu Hassan of Tanzania is currently Africa’s only female President

Sports news

India Wins 5th Men’s Hockey Junior Asia Cup After Defeating Pakistan

The Indian squash community mourns the loss of Brigadier Raj Manchanda, a legendary figure affectionately known as the ‘Old Fox,’ who passed away on December 1, 2024, in Delhi. At the age of 80, Manchanda leaves behind an inspiring legacy marked by unparalleled achievements, resilience, and contributions to the sport. He was cremated with Military Honours at Brar Square in Delhi.

Life and Legacy

• Affectionately called the ‘Old Fox’, Brigadier Manchanda passed away at 80 in Delhi on December 1, 2024.
• Cremated with Military Honours at Brar Square, Delhi.

Award news

Maria Victoria Juan Wins Aster Guardians Global Nursing Award 2024

Nurse Maria Victoria Juan has been honoured with the Aster Guardians Global Nursing Award 2024, a prestigious recognition that celebrates exceptional contributions to the nursing profession worldwide. Maria, whose career has been a testament to dedication and resilience, was chosen for this award for her outstanding efforts in transforming the healthcare landscape, particularly in the Philippine Army Health Services and the Armed Forces of the Philippines.

Award Recognition

• Honored for her transformative contributions to healthcare, particularly in military and conflict settings.
• Recognized for her leadership, dedication, and innovation in nursing.

Key Contributions

Aeromedical Evacuation System:

• Pioneered the first aeromedical evacuation system in the Philippines.
• Enhanced survival rates in conflict zones by ensuring rapid medical transport.
• Oversaw its development as the Chief Nurse of the Philippine Army.

Pandemic Response:

• Organized the Endurun Mega Swabbing Center during COVID-19.
• Facilitated nearly 500,000 tests, contributing to the country’s pandemic containment efforts.

Environmental Health Initiatives:

• Implemented vetiver grass technology to combat soil erosion and water pollution.
• Promoted sustainable public health solutions.

Global Impact

• Maria’s achievements, praised by Dr. Azad Moopen of Aster DM Healthcare, set a global benchmark for nursing excellence.
• Her work has been transformative for both military and civilian healthcare systems.

Science and tech news

China Opens First Atmospheric Monitoring Station in Antarctica

China has inaugurated its first atmospheric monitoring station in Antarctica, marking a significant expansion of its research presence on the continent. Located in Larsmann Hills, East Antarctica, the Zhongshan National Atmospheric Background Station aims to provide continuous and long-term observations of atmospheric components, contributing valuable data on climate change and the impact of human activity on the environment. This station supports China’s growing role in Antarctic research, aligning with its broader goals as a ‘polar power.’

Overview

• Location: Larsmann Hills, East Antarctica.
• Station Name: Zhongshan National Atmospheric Background Station.

Purpose:

• Continuous, long-term atmospheric observations.
• Provide data on climate change and human environmental impact.

Strategic Value: Enhances China’s role in Antarctic research and climate studies.

China’s Expanding Antarctic Presence

Network of Stations:

• Zhongshan joins China’s six Antarctic research stations.
• Ross Sea research station inaugurated earlier this year.

Strategic Vision:

• Focus on scientific research and resource exploration (minerals, petroleum, and natural gas).
• Aligns with China’s aspirations to be a “polar power.”

Antarctic Treaty and Future Implications

Treaty Overview:

• Demilitarizes the continent and promotes scientific cooperation.
• Restricts mining and resource extraction until 2048.

China’s Position:

• Balances environmental protection with resource interests.
• Prepares for potential future changes to the treaty.

Obituary news

Brigadier Raj Manchanda: The ‘Old Fox’ of Indian Squash Passes Away at 80

The Indian squash community mourns the loss of Brigadier Raj Manchanda, a legendary figure affectionately known as the ‘Old Fox,’ who passed away on December 1, 2024, in Delhi. At the age of 80, Manchanda leaves behind an inspiring legacy marked by unparalleled achievements, resilience, and contributions to the sport. He was cremated with Military Honours at Brar Square in Delhi.

Life and Legacy

• Affectionately called the ‘Old Fox’, Brigadier Manchanda passed away at 80 in Delhi on December 1, 2024.
• Cremated with Military Honours at Brar Square, Delhi.

Achievements in Squash

National Success:

• Six-time National Champion (1977–1982).
• Started playing squash in his 30s, demonstrating unmatched dedication and talent.
• Recipient of the prestigious Arjuna Award.

International Representation: Achieved fourth place at the 1984 Asian Championships in Jordan.

Tributes: Cyrus Poncha, Secretary of the Squash Rackets Federation of India, hailed him as a trailblazer:“He was one of the pioneers from Services to take squash seriously and did really well.”