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We at Edusprint Academy are committed to bringing you the most relevant and updated 5th December current affairs 2024, curated from trusted and official sources. These updates are designed to keep you ahead in your exam preparation journey.
Our comprehensive Current Affairs December 2024 coverage aims to enhance your knowledge and boost your scores in Banking, Insurance, SSC, Railways, UPSC, and all State Government Exams. Explore our Current Affairs tailored to simplify your exam preparation.
National news
India Welcomes Its 57th Tiger Reserve: Ratapani Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh
The Union Minister for Environment, Forest, and Climate Change, Shri Bhupender Yadav, has officially announced the notification of the Ratapani Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh as India’s 57th Tiger Reserve. This remarkable step emphasizes India’s commitment to tiger conservation and highlights the nation’s dedication to preserving its rich biodiversity.
Details of Ratapani Tiger Reserve
Geographical Details:
- Core Area: 763.8 sq km
- Buffer Area: 507.6 sq km
- Total Area: 1,271.4 sq km
Location: Spans across the forests of Ratapani, Bhopal, and Sehore in Madhya Pradesh.
State Significance:
- Ratapani is the 8th tiger reserve in Madhya Pradesh.
- Reinforces Madhya Pradesh’s title as the “Tiger State of India.”
Ecological Importance:
- Boasts rich biodiversity and serves as a critical habitat for tigers and other wildlife.
- Focuses on enhancing wildlife management and providing secure habitats.
- Conservation Initiatives for Ratapani
Standard Protection and Habitat Management:
- Enhanced security measures for flora and fauna.
- Implementation of scientific habitat management to maintain a balanced ecosystem.
India’s Commitment to Tiger Conservation
Madhya Pradesh’s Role:
- Madhya Pradesh hosts 8 tiger reserves, including Kanha, Bandhavgarh, Pench, Panna, and now Ratapani.
- Plays a pivotal role in India’s tiger conservation strategy.
Project Tiger:
- Launched in 1973, it has significantly expanded over the years.
- Provides critical protection to tigers, ensuring their survival and habitat preservation.
Madhya Pradesh:
- Capital: Bhopal (Executive Branch)
- Governor: Mangubhai C. Patel
- Chief minister: Mohan Yadav
Mahila Samman Savings Certificate: Empowering Women Financially
As of 31st October 2024, the Mahila Samman Savings Certificate (MSSC) scheme has achieved a significant milestone with over 43 lakh accounts opened. Launched on 31st March 2023 by the Government of India to commemorate the ‘Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav’, the scheme aims to provide financial security to women and minor girls, empowering them with a safe and attractive investment option. This initiative is part of the broader goal of enhancing financial inclusion and supporting the financial independence of women across the nation.
- Objective: Provide financial security to women and minor girls, empowering them with a safe and attractive investment option.
- Occasion: Launched to commemorate the ‘Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav.’
- Milestone: As of 31st October 2024, over 43 lakh accounts have been opened.
- Broader Goal: Enhance financial inclusion and support women’s financial independence across India.
Key Features of MSSC Scheme
Eligibility: Women or guardians of minor girls can open an account.
Deposit Limits:
- Minimum Deposit: ₹1,000
- Maximum Deposit: ₹2,00,000
Interest Rate: Rate: 7.5% per annum (compounded quarterly).
Tenure: Fixed at 2 years from the date of deposit.
Flexibility: Partial Withdrawals: Up to 40% of the balance is allowed.
Premature Closure: Permitted on compassionate grounds (e.g., medical emergencies, death of the account holder).
Significance of the Scheme
- Promotes women’s financial empowerment by offering a secure and lucrative savings option.
- Contributes to financial inclusion and supports the broader objective of gender equality in economic participation.
- Enhances access to financial products tailored to the needs of women and minor girls.
Kirti Vardhan Singh Launches Nano Bubble Tech to Purify Delhi Zoo Pond Water
Union Minister of State for Environment, Forest, and Climate Change, Kirti Vardhan Singh, inaugurated a 15-day trial of Nano Bubble Technology at the National Zoological Park in Delhi on Tuesday. This initiative is aimed at improving the water quality in the zoo’s ponds to benefit aquatic animals by removing algae, foul odors, and discoloration often caused by polluted water. The success of this trial could lead to the broader implementation of the technology to ensure cleaner, healthier water for the animals.
Objective:
- Improve water quality in zoo ponds to benefit aquatic animals like gharials and marsh crocodiles.
- Address issues of algae, foul odors, and discoloration caused by water pollution.
Technology Highlights:
- Nano Bubble Technology: Uses microscopic bubbles to purify water, removing algae and organic growth.
- Ensures cleaner water for better animal health and visibility.
Expected Benefits:
- Aquatic Animal Health: Cleaner water improves health and well-being.
- Visitor Experience: Enhances visibility of aquatic animals.
- Supports long-term sustainability of zoo habitats.
Economy news
Government Ends Windfall Tax on Crude Oil and Petroleum Exports
The Indian government has abolished the windfall tax on crude petroleum oil, petrol, diesel, and Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF), effective November 2, 2024. Additionally, the Road and Infrastructure Cess on the export of petrol and diesel has been scrapped. Initially imposed on July 1, 2022, to curb abnormal profits by oil companies during the Russia-Ukraine war, the tax aimed to stabilize domestic supplies and fund welfare programs. However, its removal follows a review by the PMO, Revenue Department, and Petroleum Ministry, citing stabilizing crude prices and reduced revenue from the tax.
Overview of the Windfall Tax
Imposed On: Crude petroleum oil, petrol, diesel, and Aviation Turbine Fuel (ATF).
Initial Purpose:
- Curb excessive profits of oil companies during the Russia-Ukraine war.
- Stabilize domestic supplies of refined petroleum products.
- Generate revenue for government welfare programs.
Duration: Introduced on July 1, 2022, and scrapped on November 2, 2024.
Impact and Revenue Utilization
Domestic Market Impact:
- Discouraged exports to prioritize domestic supply.
- Aimed to control domestic fuel prices.
Revenue Generated:
- ₹25,000 crore in 2022-23.
- Declined to ₹6,000 crore in 2024-25.
- Funds were allocated for welfare programs.
Ranks and report news
India’s Tiger Population Doubles Since 2006, Reaches 3,682 in 2022
India’s tiger population has grown remarkably, reaching 3,682 in 2022 from 1,411 in 2006, doubling in just over 15 years. The rise reflects a significant annual increase of 6% in consistently monitored areas, with numbers rising from 2,967 in 2018. This achievement has been driven by focused conservation efforts under Project Tiger and measures implemented by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA), the Parliament was informed.
- Tiger Population: Increased from 1,411 in 2006 to 3,682 in 2022, doubling in over 15 years.
- Annual Growth: 6% increase in consistently monitored areas since 2018 (from 2,967 to 3,682).
- Key Drivers: Focused conservation under Project Tiger and measures by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA).
Regional Tiger Population Trends (2018–2022)
Central Indian and Eastern Ghats Landscapes:
- Growth: 1,033 to 1,439 tigers.
Notable Increases:
- Madhya Pradesh: 526 to 785.
- Maharashtra: 312 to 444.
- Declines: Odisha, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand.
Shivalik-Gangetic Plains:
- Growth: 646 to 819 tigers.
- Contribution: Uttarakhand (442 to 560).
Sundarbans: Marginal increase: 88 to 101 tigers.
Northeastern Decline: Arunachal Pradesh: Dropped from 29 to 9 tigers.
Project Tiger and Legislative Framework
Project Tiger:
- Funds allocated based on Tiger Conservation Plans (TCPs).
- Mandated by the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
- Focus on habitat improvement, tiger dispersal, and conflict reduction.
Wildlife Protection:
- Tigers listed under Schedule-I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 for the highest degree of protection.
- Critical tiger habitats declared as Protected Areas.
India Emerges as Prime Global Target for Mobile Malware Attacks
According to a recently published Zscaler ThreatLabz 2024 Mobile IoT and OT Threat report, India has emerged as the most targeted country for mobile malware attacks. The Report, published by the cloud security company Zscaler Inc. on 3rd December 2024, analysed security attacks by hackers on mobile and IoT/OT from June 2023 to May 2024.
India’s Mobile Malware Vulnerability:
- India accounts for 28% of all global mobile malware attacks, making it the most targeted country.
- In the Asia Pacific region, India is responsible for 66.5% of mobile malware attacks.
- India’s global ranking has risen from third in 2023 to first in 2024 in terms of mobile malware attacks.
Global Malware Landscape:
- After India, the United States ranks second for mobile malware attacks, followed by Canada, South Africa, and the Netherlands.
- United States remains the top target for Internet of Things (IoT) attacks, followed by Singapore, United Kingdom, Germany, and Canada.
India’s Malware Origin:
- Within the Asia Pacific region, India ranked seventh as the origin of malware attacks, down from fifth in the previous year.
- The major origin of malware in the region is Singapore, followed by China and South Korea.
Cybersecurity in India
Key Laws and Agencies Information Technology (IT) Act, 2000:
Purpose: Governs cybersecurity, data protection, and cybercrime in India.
Key Features:
- Provides statutory recognition to electronic transactions and communications.
- Safeguards electronic data and prevents unlawful use of computer systems.
- Criminalizes activities like hacking, malware attacks, identity fraud, and phishing.
Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In):
- Established: January 2004 under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology.
- Role: Acts as the national nodal agency for responding to cybersecurity incidents in India.
Key Functions:
- Collects, analyzes, and disseminates information about cybersecurity threats.
- Provides emergency response and remediation measures to combat cyberattacks.
Conclusion: The Zscaler ThreatLabz 2024 report highlights India’s growing vulnerability to mobile malware attacks, underlining the need for enhanced cybersecurity measures and vigilance. As India continues to be a major target for cybercriminals, strengthening the IT Act and enhancing CERT-In’s role in national cybersecurity will be crucial for tackling these threats.
Scheme news
SheSTEM 2024: Empowering Youth-Led Innovation for a Sustainable Future
Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) and the Swedish Embassy, in collaboration with Nordic partners like Innovation Norway, Innovation Centre Denmark, and Business Finland, successfully concluded SheSTEM 2024. This initiative, aimed at inspiring young innovators, celebrated the contributions of women in STEM fields and invited students from grades 6–12 across India to present innovative ideas on Battery Technology and Energy Storage (BEST) systems. The event was part of the India-Nordic BEST project, designed to foster sustainability through advancements in energy storage technologies.
Highlights of SheSTEM 2024
Innovation Challenge:
- Students submitted prototypes or concepts for energy storage solutions via two-minute videos.
- Over 1,000 creative submissions received.
Global Collaboration:
- Part of the India-Nordic BEST project.
- Focused on sustainability and energy storage advancements.
- Swedish Ambassador Jan Thesleff and AIM Mission Director Dr. Chintan Vaishnav highlighted the event’s global impact.
Platform for Future Leaders:
- Encouraged youth engagement in STEM and sustainability.
- Aimed to shape future leaders in science and technology.
AIM’s Contribution to Innovation
- Promoting STEM Education: Initiatives like SheSTEM foster innovation and entrepreneurial culture.
- Supporting Youth Talent: Provides platforms for students to address pressing global challenges.
- Advancing Sustainability: Focuses on solutions for a sustainable, technology-driven world.
Appointment news
Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah elected 5th & first female President of Namibia
Namibia made history when it elected its first woman president, Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah. The current Vice President will succeed the interim President, Nangolo Mbumba. Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah was promoted to Vice President in February this year after President Hage Geingob died in office.
According to the Namibian Electoral Commission, Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah secured 57% of the votes, while her closest rival, Panduleni Itula, got 26%.
About Namibia
- Namibia is located on the southwestern coast of Africa and gained independence from South Africa in 1990.
- Initially, it was called South West Africa, and after independence, it was renamed Namibia.
- Namibia’s total population is around 30 lakhs, and it is one of the most sparsely populated countries in Africa.
- Namibia is a harsh place to live as both the Namib and Kalahari deserts straddle the country.
- Capital: Windhoek
- Currency: Namibian Dollar
Once sworn in, Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah will be the second woman to be the President of Africa. Samia Suluhu Hassan of Tanzania is currently Africa’s only female President
Sports news
India Wins 5th Men’s Hockey Junior Asia Cup After Defeating Pakistan
The Indian squash community mourns the loss of Brigadier Raj Manchanda, a legendary figure affectionately known as the ‘Old Fox,’ who passed away on December 1, 2024, in Delhi. At the age of 80, Manchanda leaves behind an inspiring legacy marked by unparalleled achievements, resilience, and contributions to the sport. He was cremated with Military Honours at Brar Square in Delhi.
Life and Legacy
- Affectionately called the ‘Old Fox’, Brigadier Manchanda passed away at 80 in Delhi on December 1, 2024.
- Cremated with Military Honours at Brar Square, Delhi.
Award news
Maria Victoria Juan Wins Aster Guardians Global Nursing Award 2024
Nurse Maria Victoria Juan has been honoured with the Aster Guardians Global Nursing Award 2024, a prestigious recognition that celebrates exceptional contributions to the nursing profession worldwide. Maria, whose career has been a testament to dedication and resilience, was chosen for this award for her outstanding efforts in transforming the healthcare landscape, particularly in the Philippine Army Health Services and the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
Award Recognition
- Honored for her transformative contributions to healthcare, particularly in military and conflict settings.
- Recognized for her leadership, dedication, and innovation in nursing.
Key Contributions
Aeromedical Evacuation System:
- Pioneered the first aeromedical evacuation system in the Philippines.
- Enhanced survival rates in conflict zones by ensuring rapid medical transport.
- Oversaw its development as the Chief Nurse of the Philippine Army.
Pandemic Response:
- Organized the Endurun Mega Swabbing Center during COVID-19.
- Facilitated nearly 500,000 tests, contributing to the country’s pandemic containment efforts.
Environmental Health Initiatives:
- Implemented vetiver grass technology to combat soil erosion and water pollution.
- Promoted sustainable public health solutions.
Global Impact
- Maria’s achievements, praised by Dr. Azad Moopen of Aster DM Healthcare, set a global benchmark for nursing excellence.
- Her work has been transformative for both military and civilian healthcare systems.
Science and tech news
China Opens First Atmospheric Monitoring Station in Antarctica
China has inaugurated its first atmospheric monitoring station in Antarctica, marking a significant expansion of its research presence on the continent. Located in Larsmann Hills, East Antarctica, the Zhongshan National Atmospheric Background Station aims to provide continuous and long-term observations of atmospheric components, contributing valuable data on climate change and the impact of human activity on the environment. This station supports China’s growing role in Antarctic research, aligning with its broader goals as a ‘polar power.’
Overview
- Location: Larsmann Hills, East Antarctica.
- Station Name: Zhongshan National Atmospheric Background Station.
Purpose:
- Continuous, long-term atmospheric observations.
- Provide data on climate change and human environmental impact.
Strategic Value: Enhances China’s role in Antarctic research and climate studies.
China’s Expanding Antarctic Presence
Network of Stations:
- Zhongshan joins China’s six Antarctic research stations.
- Ross Sea research station inaugurated earlier this year.
Strategic Vision:
- Focus on scientific research and resource exploration (minerals, petroleum, and natural gas).
- Aligns with China’s aspirations to be a “polar power.”
Antarctic Treaty and Future Implications
Treaty Overview:
- Demilitarizes the continent and promotes scientific cooperation.
- Restricts mining and resource extraction until 2048.
China’s Position:
- Balances environmental protection with resource interests.
- Prepares for potential future changes to the treaty.
Obituary news
Brigadier Raj Manchanda: The ‘Old Fox’ of Indian Squash Passes Away at 80
The Indian squash community mourns the loss of Brigadier Raj Manchanda, a legendary figure affectionately known as the ‘Old Fox,’ who passed away on December 1, 2024, in Delhi. At the age of 80, Manchanda leaves behind an inspiring legacy marked by unparalleled achievements, resilience, and contributions to the sport. He was cremated with Military Honours at Brar Square in Delhi.
Life and Legacy
- Affectionately called the ‘Old Fox’, Brigadier Manchanda passed away at 80 in Delhi on December 1, 2024.
- Cremated with Military Honours at Brar Square, Delhi.
Achievements in Squash
National Success:
- Six-time National Champion (1977–1982).
- Started playing squash in his 30s, demonstrating unmatched dedication and talent.
- Recipient of the prestigious Arjuna Award.
International Representation: Achieved fourth place at the 1984 Asian Championships in Jordan.
Tributes: Cyrus Poncha, Secretary of the Squash Rackets Federation of India, hailed him as a trailblazer:“He was one of the pioneers from Services to take squash seriously and did really well.”
