Title: Down, but not out: On the Border-Gavaskar Trophy
A decade-long dominance wound to a close at the Sydney Cricket Ground on Sunday. The Border-Gavaskar Trophy, the second-biggest silverware in terms of stature after the Ashes in cricket, and the biggest on the basis of viewership, has been India’s preserve since 2015. Australia last won the title in the 2014-15 home series and after that India claimed the trophy on four occasions. This winning streak ended once the fifth Test concluded at Sydney with Pat Cummins and his men winning by six wickets and seizing the series at 3-1. The margin could hint at a vast gap in ability between the two squads. But it was anything but that and India had its moments and could have finished on the victor’s podium. This was a series where the batters played second fiddle to excellent speedsters. It is no surprise that when Jasprit Bumrah, the most dominant among them, got injured and could not bowl during the Australian second innings chase in the last Test, the host prospered. Bumrah began the series as captain, a position he returned to once the regular skipper, the out-of-form Rohit Sharma, opted out at the climax. And Bumrah, with 32 wickets, led the charts. Again with a resilient bat, he even helped India avoid the follow-on at Brisbane’s Gabba.
A transition is upon the Indian Test unit, especially after failing to qualify for the ICC World Test Championship final. Having eased out Cheteshwar Pujara and Ajinkya Rahane and now dealing with R. Ashwin’s retirement mid-series, the selectors and coach Gautam Gambhir need to look at the future of Virat Kohli, Rohit and Ravindra Jadeja. These players were India’s core in Tests, but a change is inevitable. Tours Down Under often force a flux. Dilip Vengsarkar retired after the 1991-92 tour, Rahul Dravid and V.V.S. Laxman followed suit after their 2011-12 visit. In the current sojourn, despite scoring a ton in the first Test at Perth, Kohli’s overall yield of 190 at 23.75 was poor. Rohit’s numbers are even worse as he scored 3, 6, 10, 3 and 9. Yashasvi Jaiswal’s runs, K.L. Rahul’s initial consistency, newcomer Nitish Kumar Reddy’s hundred at Melbourne, and the odd lower-order resistance, bailed out India but that was not enough. India lost due to batting ineptitude, a frailty that affected Australia too before its middle-order found a second-wind through Steve Smith, Travis Head and Marnus Labuschagne. Mohammed Siraj toiled hard but beyond him, Bumrah did not have much support from the bowling ranks. This was a series on which Cummins, through 25 wickets and 159 runs, imposed his will. India will need to find younger heroes, especially batters who are adept at playing both spin and pace, at home and abroad, in Tests and limited overs.
Meaning of the word:
Word
Meaning
Synonyms
Antonyms
Preserve
To protect something from decay, damage, or destruction.
Maintain Protect Safeguard Conserve
Destroy Neglect Abandon Harm
Inevitable
The term “inevitable” means unavoidable or certain to happen. It refers to something that cannot be prevented or escaped.
Unavoidable Certain Inescapable Fated
Avoidable Uncertain Preventable Doubtful
Ineptitude
The term “ineptitude” refers to a lack of skill, ability, or competence in doing something.
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National news
Blinkit Launches 10-Minute Ambulance Service in Gurgaon
Blinkit CEO Albinder Dhindsa announced the launch of an instant ambulance service, where residents of Gurgaon can book an ambulance through the Blinkit app and have it arrive within 10 minutes. This initiative aims to address the critical need for quick emergency medical transport in urban areas. The service, which includes Basic Life Support (BLS) ambulances, marks a significant step toward providing fast and reliable medical aid.
Service Overview:
Location: Gurgaon (Gurugram)
Ambulance Arrival Time: Within 10 minutes
Platform: Blinkit App
Type of Ambulances: Basic Life Support (BLS) ambulances
Affordable Pricing: The service is offered at an affordable rate.
Non-Profit Initiative: Profit is not the primary goal; the focus is on providing fast emergency medical support.
Expansion Plans: The service will gradually scale, with Blinkit planning to extend the service to major cities over the next two years.
Project VISTAAR: A Digital Revolution in Indian Agriculture
The Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras) has joined forces with the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare to launch Project VISTAAR (Virtually Integrated System to Access Agricultural Resources). This initiative aims to improve the efficiency of India’s agricultural extension services by leveraging digital technology, thereby offering farmers better access to innovative technologies and advisory support.
Enhancing Agricultural Extension via Digitalization
Project VISTAAR focuses on empowering farmers through the integration of advanced technologies into the agricultural sector. By digitizing the extension system, it will provide high-quality guidance on crop production, marketing, value addition, and supply chain management. Additionally, it will inform farmers about relevant government schemes in agriculture, rural development, and allied sectors, enabling them to fully capitalize on these opportunities.
Harnessing Start-up Innovations
Start-ups play a pivotal role in tackling agricultural challenges by enhancing productivity, improving supply chains, and facilitating market access.
IIT Madras, through its Centre for Research on Start-ups and Risk Financing, in collaboration with its incubated start-up YNOS Venture Engine, has developed an extensive database of over 12,000 agriculture-focused start-ups.
This database will be incorporated into the VISTAAR platform, enabling farmers and stakeholders to discover innovative solutions, adopt new technologies, and improve agricultural practices.
Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare: minister: Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan
Chhattisgarh’s Green GDP Initiative
Chhattisgarh has become the first Indian state to adopt the Green Gross Domestic Product (Green GDP) model, which integrates the ecological services of its forests into its economic planning. This initiative is designed to link environmental contributions—such as clean air, water conservation, and biodiversity—with the state’s economic development. The goal is to ensure sustainable growth while preserving the natural environment for future generations.
Understanding Green GDP
Green GDP is an alternative measure to traditional GDP, which typically omits environmental costs. While GDP measures economic output, Green GDP takes into account the ecological degradation caused by economic activities. This includes factors like resource depletion and pollution, providing a broader perspective on both economic health and environmental well-being.
Objectives of the Green GDP Initiative
Chhattisgarh’s Green GDP initiative focuses on several key objectives:
Enhancing Budget Planning: By recognizing the economic value of ecosystem services, the state aims to improve financial planning and resource allocation.
Policy Formulation: It supports the creation of policies that foster economic growth while ensuring ecological sustainability.
Recognizing the Economic Value of Forests: The initiative acknowledges the critical role forests play in the state’s economy, formalizing the value of forest ecosystem services.
Chattishgarh’s:
Capital: Raipur (Executive Branch)
Governor: Ramen Deka
CM: Shri Vishnu Deo
Government Considers Honorary Senior Ranks for Retiring Paramilitary Personnel
The Indian government is considering the introduction of honorary senior ranks for retiring Central Armed Police Force (CAPF) personnel who have not been promoted due to organizational constraints. The aim of this initiative is to boost morale and acknowledge the service of retiring personnel, especially those who were eligible for promotion but could not be promoted due to vacancies or delays within the system.
Proposal Details
Proposal Origin: Former Director General of the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), Anish Dayal Singh, suggested that CAPF personnel who are eligible for promotion but are awaiting a vacancy could be granted the insignia of their next higher rank during their final month of service.
Example: For instance, a Constable eligible for promotion to Head Constable could wear the Head Constable’s insignia during their last month of service. They would also receive the corresponding pay for that rank.
Implementation: This proposal has been approved by Home Minister Amit Shah and is expected to be implemented across all CAPFs soon.
Context and Background: This proposal arises in response to delays in promotions within the CAPFs, which have been a long-standing concern. As of October 30, 2024, there were 100,204 vacant posts across all CAPFs, with 71,231 posts created between 2020 and 2024. Despite the creation of new posts, systemic issues in recruitment and internal promotion processes have led to delays in promotion timelines. The honorary rank initiative serves as a temporary solution while the government works on addressing these systemic challenges.
Historical Perspective
The concept of honorary ranks is not new to India:
In the Indian Army, soldiers who have rendered exemplary service and are nearing retirement have been awarded honorary ranks such as junior commissioned officers shortly before their retirement. This practice, known as ‘brevet,’ has been followed since the British colonial era.
The Indian Army has also conferred honorary ranks on prominent citizens and foreign trainees as a gesture of goodwill and recognition.
Implications of the Proposal
The introduction of honorary senior ranks for retiring CAPF personnel is expected to:
Boost morale: It provides symbolic recognition for those who have not been promoted due to organizational constraints.
Offer temporary relief: While the honorary ranks do not resolve the underlying systemic issues causing delays in promotions, they offer a temporary acknowledgment of service.
Focus on long-term reforms: The government is working on addressing vacancies and improving promotion timelines within CAPFs, which will likely involve a long-term strategy to ensure quicker advancement for personnel.
Jammu is to be the 69th Railway Division of the Indian Railway
The Union Ministry of Railways has announced plans to establish the 69th railway division at Jammu, which will come under the Northern Railway Zone. This was communicated to the Northern Railway Zone in an official notification issued on 1st January 2025.
Currently, India has 68 railway divisions, and Jammu will be the next addition to this network. This initiative highlights the government’s focus on enhancing rail infrastructure in Jammu and Kashmir, further expanding India’s vast railway network.
About the Proposed Jammu Division
Under Northern Railway Zone: Jammu will be the new division under the Northern Railway Zone, which is the largest zone of Indian Railways.
Network Coverage: The division will manage a 742.1 km rail network, which will be formed by reorganizing the existing Firozpur Division.
This division will contribute significantly to enhancing rail services and connectivity in the region, benefiting both passengers and freight transport.
Current Railway System in India
India has the fourth largest rail network in the world, following the United States, China, and Russia.
Indian Railways is the largest railway system under a single management, with around 1.25 million employees.
Railway Zones and Divisions in India
India’s railway operations are divided into 17 Zones and 68 Divisions. The key details of the 17 Railway Zones are as follows:
Central Railway: Mumbai Divisions: Mumbai, Bhusawal, Nagpur, Solapur, Pune
North Western Railway: Jaipur Divisions: Ajmer, Bikaner, Jaipur, Jodhpur
Southern Railway: Chennai Divisions: Chennai, Madurai, Palghat, Trichy, Trivandrum, Salem
South Central Railway: Secunderabad Divisions: Guntakal, Guntur, Hyderabad, Nanded, Secunderabad, Vijayawada
South Eastern Railway: Kolkata Divisions: Adra, Chakradharpur, Kharagpur, Ranchi
South East Central Railway: Bilaspur Divisions: Bilaspur, Nagpur, Raipur
South Western Railway: Hubli Divisions: Bangalore, Hubli, Mysore
Western Railway: Mumbai Divisions: Mumbai, Vadodara, Ratlam, Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Bhavnagar
West Central Railway: Jabalpur Divisions: Bhopal, Jabalpur, Kota
Metro Railway: Kolkata Divisions: Not applicable
Status of Other Railway Zones
Konkan Railway: Operates a 741 km line connecting Mumbai to Mangalore but is managed by Konkan Railway Corporation Limited and is not considered an operational zone of Indian Railways.
South Coast Railway Zone: Announced in 2019, this zone will be headquartered in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. However, the official notification for its establishment has not been issued yet.
Significance of Jammu Division: The establishment of the Jammu Division is expected to improve rail connectivity and infrastructure in the Jammu and Kashmir region, which has seen significant demand for better transport services. This move is also in line with India’s broader efforts to enhance transportation networks in border areas, promoting economic growth and regional development.
The proposal for this new division reflects the government’s focus on decentralizing railway operations to streamline management and address growing regional transportation needs.
Summit news
PM Modi inaugurates Grameen Bharat Mahotsav 2025 in New Delhi
Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Grameen Bharat Mahotsav being organised in New Delhi on 4 January 2025. During the inaugural ceremony the Union Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs, Nirmala Sitharaman, and Union Minister of State for Finance, Pankaj Chaudhary were also present.
The Grameen Bharat Mahostav is being held in New Delhi from 4-9 January 2025.
The Grameen Bharat Mahotsav brings together the leaders from the government, rural economy, and industry to discuss ways and strategies to build a prosperous and self-reliant rural India.
Organiser of the Grameen Bharat Mahotsav: The Grameen Bharat Mahotsav has been organised by the Department of Financial Services, the Union Ministry of Finance, and the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD).
Theme and Motto of the Grameen Bharat Mahotsav
The theme of the Grameen Bharat Mahotsavis “Building a Resilient Rural India for a Viksit Bharat 2024”.
The motto of the Grameen Bharat Mahotsav “If villages grow, the country grows”
Objectives of the Grameen Bharat Mahotsav: The following are the main objectives of the Grameen Bharat Mahotsav.
Explore strategies for the implementation of rural development programs
The Mahotsav will provide a platform for the stakeholders to explore and build strategies to implement four key pillars of rural development; Self-reliance for farmers and artisans; rural women empowerment; skill development for the rural youth; financial inclusion for marginalised rural communities.
International news
India provides $5 Lakh aid to earthquake-hit Vanuatu
The Government of India has announced an aid of $5 lakh to the Pacific Ocean island nation of Vanuatu, which has been severely impacted by two successive earthquakes in December 2024. This aid will support relief, rehabilitation, and reconstruction efforts in the country.
Details of the Earthquakes
First Earthquake (17 December 2024): A 7.3 magnitude earthquake struck Vanuatu, resulting in 14 fatalities and over 200 injuries. The government of Vanuatu imposed a dawn-to-dusk curfew to deal with the aftermath of the destruction.
Second Earthquake (22 December 2024): A second earthquake of 6.1 magnitude caused widespread panic and further damage to infrastructure, including commercial and residential buildings, embassies, and a hospital.
India-Vanuatu Relations
Diplomatic Relations: India established diplomatic relations with Vanuatu in 1986, although India does not have an embassy in the country. The Indian High Commission in Wellington, New Zealand, is responsible for handling Vanuatu-related matters.
Membership in FIPIC: Vanuatu is a member of the Forum for India-Pacific Islands Cooperation (FIPIC), which includes 13 other countries from the Pacific region.
Historical Assistance:
2015: India provided $2.5 lakh to Vanuatu after the devastation caused by Cyclone Pam.
2018: India gave a $2 lakh grant for humanitarian assistance to help in the resettlement of Ambae island residents following a volcanic eruption.
Since 2006: India has contributed US$ 669,093 for various community development projects in Vanuatu.
About Vanuatu
Geography: Vanuatu is an island nation located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, about 800 km west of Fiji and 1,770 km east of Australia. It consists of 13 main islands and many smaller ones.
Capital: Port Vila
Prime Minister: Charlot Salwai
Currency: Vatu
Independence: Vanuatu gained independence in 1980.
Ethnic Composition: The population is primarily Melanesian.
MoU between India & Indonesia on Non-Basmati White Rice Trade
The Union Cabinet, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, has approved the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the Union Ministry of Cooperation and the Ministry of Trade of Indonesia. This MoU focuses on the supply of Non-Basmati White Rice from India to Indonesia. The agreement is expected to improve bilateral trade relations and help Indonesia address its domestic rice demand.
Key Terms of the MoU:
Quantity: India will supply one million metric tonnes of Non-Basmati White Rice to Indonesia annually, at the prevailing international market price.
Duration: The MoU will last for four years, with an automatic extension for another four years, ensuring a long-term supply chain agreement.
Supply Mechanism:
The rice will be supplied by National Cooperative Exports Limited (NCEL), a newly established cooperative body.
The rice will be sourced exclusively from cooperative societies across India.
Impact on Trade Balance: The export of rice is expected to improve India’s trade balance, which has been significantly in favor of Indonesia in recent years. In 2023-24, India’s exports to Indonesia stood at USD 5.99 billion, while imports from Indonesia were USD 23.4 billion.
Bilateral Trade Relations:
India and Indonesia are significant trading partners. Indonesia is India’s 8th-largest trading partner, and India is the second-largest buyer of Indonesian coal and crude palm oil.
In 2023-24, the bilateral trade between the two countries amounted to USD 29.4 billion, underscoring the importance of this agreement in enhancing economic ties.
Indian Rice Exports:
India is the largest exporter of rice globally, with Non-Basmati White Rice being a major export variety.
In 2023-24, the total export of Non-Basmati Rice was INR 37,804.48 crore (approximately USD 4.57 billion), with key export markets including Benin, Guinea, Togo, Cote D’Ivoire, and Vietnam.
India also exports Basmati Rice, a premium variety, with major destinations including Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, UAE, USA, and Yemen.
Ban on Non-Basmati Rice Exports:
In July 2023, India imposed a ban on the export of Non-Basmati White Rice to control domestic rice prices.
However, the ban was lifted in September 2024, with the introduction of a minimum export price (MEP) of USD 490 per tonne to ensure the price stability in the domestic market.
National Cooperative Exports Limited (NCEL):
NCEL was established in 2023 as a Multi-State Cooperative Society under the Multi-State Cooperative Societies Act, 2002.
The organization aims to serve as an umbrella body for the cooperative sector’s exports in India.
It was promoted jointly by leading cooperatives such as GCMMF, IFFCO, NAFED, KRIBHCO, and NCDC.
Headquarters: New Delhi
Managing Director: Unupom Kausik
State news
Telangana’s Rythu Bharosa Scheme Expansion
The Rythu Bharosa scheme in Telangana has been expanded to provide financial assistanceto all farmers cultivating crops, with the aim of enhancing agricultural support across the state.
Key Details of the Expansion
Financial Assistance: Each eligible farmer will receive ₹7,500 per acre per crop season. This assistance will benefit around 70 lakh farmers in Telangana.
Implementation Timeline: The government plans to launch the scheme around the Sankranti festival. Gram Sabhas will be conducted from January 5 to 7 to collect applications from eligible farmers.
Financial Implications: The Telangana government intends to raise ₹30,000 crore in market borrowings during the last quarter of the 2024-25 financial year to fund the scheme.
Background and Evolution: Replacement of Rythu Bandhu: The Rythu Bharosa scheme replaces the earlier Rythu Bandhu scheme, which provided ₹5,000 per acre. The Congress party had raised concerns over the misuse of funds under the previous scheme, where ineligible beneficiaries received excess payments. The new scheme focuses only on lands that are actively cultivated to avoid such issues.
Implementation Strategy: A Cabinet sub-committee, led by Deputy Chief Minister Mallu Bhatti Vikramarka, has finalized a report to ensure that only genuine farmers receive benefits, thus preventing leakages and misuse of funds.
Financial Management
The government plans to raise ₹30,000 crore in market borrowings during the final quarter of 2024-25, which will be raised in three tranches of ₹10,000 crore each.
The Reserve Bank of India will conduct securities auctions every Tuesday during this period.
Government Borrowing Restrictions
The Union Finance Ministry has placed limits on state borrowings due to financial management concerns. Although the Telangana government initially projected borrowings exceeding ₹61,000 crore, this figure was revised to ₹49,255 crore. By the end of November 2024, the state had borrowed ₹37,850 crore, with additional borrowings planned for December.
The final approval for exceeding the borrowing ceiling lies with the Government of India, and the finance department has not disclosed whether such approval has been granted.
Telangana:
Capital: Hyderabad
Chief minister: Revanth Reddy
Governor: Jishnu Dev Varma
Assam’s Elephant Population Sees 7-Year Rise
Assam’s Elephant Population Estimate for 2024 reveals a positive growth, with an estimated 5,828 elephants, marking an increase of 109 elephants from the previous count of 5,719 in 2017. This estimate, conducted through a synchronized survey, underscores the stability of Assam’s elephant population despite challenges such as habitat fragmentation and human-elephant conflicts.
Key Findings:
Total Elephant Population: Estimated at 5,828, showing a rise of 109 elephants from 2017 (5,719).
Estimation Process:
The survey was conducted from February 20-27, 2024.
It involved 5,743 personnel across 1,536 survey blocks in 43 forest divisions.
Population Distribution:
82% (4,777 elephants) are found in five Elephant Reserves.
68% of the population resides in protected areas.
30.4% are in managed forests.
1.6% are located in revenue areas.
Elephant Density:
Chirang-Ripu Reserve recorded the highest density with 79 elephants per 100 sq. km.
Dhansiri-Lungding Reserve recorded the lowest density at 6 elephants per 100 sq. km.
Reproduction and Gender Ratios:
Female to Calf Ratio: There are 49 calves per 100 adult females, indicating healthy reproduction rates.
Tusker-to-Makhna Ratio: Improved from 1:2.63 (2017) to 1:1.97 (2024).
Conservation Challenges:
Habitat Degradation and Fragmentation: Particularly in reserves like Dhansiri-Lungding, where habitat is degrading.
Human-Elephant Conflicts: Increased interaction with urban and agricultural areas is contributing to growing conflicts.
Recommendations for Conservation: Strengthen anti-poaching efforts: Enhance measures to protect elephants from illegal activities.
Undertake habitat restoration: Focus on low-density regions for better forest management.
Secure elephant corridors: Notify and protect corridors to ensure safe movement.
Advanced monitoring: Implement techniques like radio-telemetry to study elephant movements.
Adaptive management strategies: Adopt flexible and long-term conservation strategies.
The findings underline the importance of strengthening conservation efforts to address the challenges elephants face while ensuring sustainable coexistence with human populations.
Assam:
Capital: Dispur
Chief minister: Himanta Biswa Sarma
Governor: Lakshman Acharya
Economy news
Nomura Lowers India’s FY25 GDP Growth Forecast to 6.7%
Nomura has revised its GDP growth forecast for India in fiscal year 2025 to 6.7%, down from its earlier estimate of 6.9%. This adjustment follows a slower-than-expected growth of 6.7% in the April-June quarter of 2024, down from the 7.8% growth in the previous quarter.
Key Factors for the Downgrade:
Government Spending: Reduced expenditure during the national elections contributed to the slowdown.
Consumer Demand: Weak urban consumption due to high interest rates and moderating wage growth.
Industrial Activity: Slower industrial growth, reflected in declines in passenger vehicle and commercial vehicle sales.
Comparative Outlook: Goldman Sachs and J.P. Morgan have maintained their forecast for India’s FY25 GDP growth at 6.5%, showing a more optimistic view compared to Nomura.
Implications and Future Outlook:
Nomura expects easing inflation and increased government spending to help support growth in the near future.
However, concerns over lower corporate profit growth and moderated credit growth may continue to pose challenges to the economy.
In summary, while there are some supportive factors, the overall economic outlook for India has been adjusted downwards, with Nomura taking a more cautious stance.
India Revises GDP Base Year to 2022-23
In a significant move to improve the accuracy of economic assessments, the Government of India has announced plans to update the base year for calculating Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from 2011-12 to 2022-23. This revision, the first in over a decade, is intended to better reflect the current economic landscape and structural changes.
Key Developments:
Advisory Committee Formation: A 26-member Advisory Committee on National Accounts Statistics (ACNAS), chaired by Biswanath Goldar, has been established. The committee includes representatives from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), central and state governments, academia, and researchers. It will focus on identifying new data sources and refining the methodology for compiling the National Accounts Statistics under the revised series.
Implementation Timeline: The revised GDP series, based on the 2022-23 base year, is expected to be implemented by early 2026. This timeline allows for thorough data collection and analysis to ensure the accuracy of the updated series.
Rationale for Revision: Updating the base year is critical to reflect structural changes in the economy, such as shifts in consumption patterns, sectoral contributions, and the emergence of new sectors. Aligning with the economic realities of 2022-23 will enhance the precision of the GDP framework, providing a more accurate basis for policy formulation and economic analysis.
Additional Initiatives: Alongside the base year revision, the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) will introduce monthly estimates of the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) starting from January 2025. This will improve data-driven decision-making and the quality of labor market statistics.
Implications:
The revision of the base year and the introduction of monthly PLFS estimates are expected to provide policymakers, researchers, and analysts with more relevant and timely data, enhancing economic planning and decision-making.
Banking news
SBI Introduces ‘Har Ghar Lakhpati’ and ‘SBI Patrons’ Deposit Schemes
The State Bank of India (SBI) has introduced two innovative deposit schemes, ‘Har Ghar Lakhpati’ and ‘SBI Patrons,’ designed to enhance financial inclusion and cater to diverse customer needs.
1. Har Ghar Lakhpati: Pre-Calculated Recurring Deposit Scheme
Objective: The scheme is designed to help customers accumulate ₹1 lakh or multiples thereof, simplifying the process of achieving financial goals.
Key Features:
Available to minors, promoting early financial planning.
Helps customers save consistently and meet their financial aspirations with pre-calculated deposits.
Interest rates: Aligned with the rates offered for fixed deposits.
2. SBI Patrons: Specialized Fixed Deposit for Senior Citizens
Objective: Tailored for senior citizens aged 80 years and above, this scheme offers enhanced interest rates, reflecting SBI’s commitment to rewarding long-standing relationships with its customers.
Key Features:
Eligibility: Available to both existing and new term deposit customers.
Interest Rates: Senior citizens receive an additional 10 basis points (bps) over the regular rates.
Above 1 year: 6.80%
Above 2 years: 7%
Above 3 years to less than 5 years: 6.75%
For 5-10 years: 6.5%
Strategic Objectives of SBI’s Deposit Schemes:
Enhance Financial Inclusion: Offering products that cater to specific customer segments such as minors and senior citizens.
Strengthen Market Leadership: Reinforcing SBI’s position as a leading provider of deposit products.
SBI’s Vision: SBI’s Chairman CS Setty highlighted the bank’s commitment to innovation and technology, emphasizing that these deposit schemes are part of SBI’s broader efforts to empower customers and contribute to India’s journey towards becoming a developed nation by 2047.
RBI Approves Merger of National and Cosmos Co-operative Banks
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has approved the merger of National Co-operative Bank (Bangalore) with Cosmos Co-operative Bank (Maharashtra), effective January 6, 2025. This merger is a significant move as part of ongoing efforts to consolidate the banking sector in India, particularly within the co-operative banking space.
Key Points of the Merger:
RBI Approval: The merger has been sanctioned by the RBI under the powers conferred by Sub-Section (4) of Section 44A and Section 56 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
Effective Date: The merger will take effect from January 6, 2025.
Branch Operations Post-Merger:
All 13 branches of National Co-operative Bank in Karnataka will continue to operate but will now function as branches of Cosmos Co-operative Bank.
Previous Mergers: In FY24, Maratha Sahakari Bank and Sahebrao Deshmukh Sahakari Bank were also merged with Cosmos Co-operative Bank.
RBI Restrictions on National Co-operative Bank: In July 2023, the RBI imposed restrictions on National Co-operative Bank due to its weak financial performance, including a limit on deposit withdrawals to ₹50,000 per account. These restrictions were extended up to January 24, 2025.
Merger Rationale: The merger aims to strengthen the financial health and operational reach of both banks. It is part of broader efforts to streamline and improve the efficiency of the co-operative banking sector in India, ensuring better services and sustainability.
This merger is seen as a step forward in India’s ongoing banking sector consolidation, enhancing the resilience and competitiveness of co-operative banks.
SBI Enhances NRI Account Opening with TAB-Based Digital Onboarding
The State Bank of India (SBI) has launched a TAB-based end-to-end digital onboarding process for Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) to streamline the opening of Non-Resident External (NRE) and Non-Resident Ordinary (NRO) accounts. This initiative, introduced on January 2, 2025, eliminates the need for physical paperwork and aims to speed up the account opening process through digital document verification.
Key Features of the New Digital Onboarding Process:
Digital Document Verification: The process allows for the digital verification of documents, reducing paperwork and increasing operational efficiency.
Availability Across Branches: This service is available at SBI branches across India and select foreign offices, providing more access points for NRIs.
Enhanced Customer Convenience: The bank leverages technology to offer a seamless, efficient account-opening experience, making it easier for NRIs to manage their finances.
Real-Time Application Tracking: Customers can track the status of their applications in real time, ensuring transparency throughout the process.
Integration with e-KYC Services: The onboarding process integrates e-KYC services to verify identity and address details via UIDAI (Unique Identification Authority of India). This increases security and accuracy in customer verification.
SBI’s Commitment to Digital Banking: This initiative reflects SBI’s commitment to using advanced technology in its banking services, aiming to set new standards for global banking efficiency and accessibility. By eliminating physical paperwork, the bank continues to modernize and enhance its customer service.
Historical Context and Evolution: SBI’s adoption of digital solutions for onboarding started in 2013 with the launch of Tab Banking for resident Indian customers, enabling representatives to visit customers and complete account formalities using tablets. This new initiative for NRIs marks a further evolution of SBI’s digital banking services.
RBI Reports 98.12% of ₹2,000 Notes Returned
As of December 31, 2024, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) reported that 98.12% of the ₹2,000 denomination banknotes have been returned to the banking system, with a remaining ₹6,691 crore still held by the public.
Background: On May 19, 2023, the RBI announced the withdrawal of ₹2,000 banknotes from circulation. At that time, the total value of these notes in circulation was ₹3.56 lakh crore.
By the end of 2024, this amount had significantly dropped to ₹6,691 crore, indicating a strong return of currency to the banking system.
Public Exchange Facilities:
The RBI allowed deposit and exchange of ₹2,000 notes at all bank branches until October 7, 2023.
After October 7, 2023, exchange facilities were available only at the 19 issue offices of the RBI, located across major cities in India. These offices also began accepting ₹2,000 notes for deposit from individuals and entities starting October 9, 2023.
The public could also send ₹2,000 notes through India Post from any post office to any RBI issue office for credit to their bank accounts.
Current Status:
As of December 31, 2024, ₹6,691 croreworth of ₹2,000 banknotes remained with the public.
The RBI continues to accept these notes at its 19 issue offices across Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Belapur, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh, Chennai, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Jammu, Kanpur, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, New Delhi, Patna, and Thiruvananthapuram.
This marks a significant phase in the currency withdrawal process, with a large percentage of ₹2,000 notes already returned to the banking system.
Award news
Odia Poet Prativa Satpathy to Receive Gangadhar National Award
The prestigious Gangadhar National Award for Poetry 2023 will be presented to Prativa Satpathy, a renowned Odia poet, by Sambalpur University on its 58th foundation day on January 5, 2025. The award, instituted in 1989, honors exceptional contributions to the field of poetry and is named after the eminent Odia poet Gangadhar Meher.
Key Points:
Recipient:Prativa Satpathy, a distinguished Odia poet and winner of the Sahitya Akademi Award, will be recognized for her significant contribution to poetry.
Award Ceremony: The award will be presented during Sambalpur University’s 58th foundation day celebrations on January 5, 2025.
Award History:
Establishment: The Gangadhar National Award was created in 1989 and was first presented in 1991. It is awarded annually during the foundation day celebrations of Sambalpur University.
Award Details: The award includes a citation, a shawl, and a cash prize of ₹1,00,000.
Previous Recipients: Notable poets who have received the award include Gulzar, Kedar Nath Singh, and Ayyapa Panikar.
About Prativa Satpathy:
Literary Career: Prativa Satpathy gained prominence in the 1960s with her poem ‘Sesha Janha’.
Translations: Her works have been translated into various Indian and foreign languages.
Recognition: In addition to the Gangadhar National Award, she is the recipient of the Sahitya Akademi Award for her contribution to literature.
Award Criteria:
The Gangadhar National Award is conferred for excellence in poetry through a thorough selection process. It recognizes poets who have made significant contributions to the literary world, particularly in the field of poetry.
The award is a prestigious recognition of the literary achievements of poets like Prativa Satpathy, who have enriched the cultural and literary landscape.
Sai Paranjpye to Receive Padmapani Lifetime Achievement Award
Sai Paranjpye, the legendary director and writer in Indian cinema, will be honored with the Padmapani Lifetime Achievement Award at the Ajanta-Ellora International Film Festival (AIFF) 2025. Known for her influential films like Sparsh, Chashme Buddoor, Katha, and Saaz, Paranjpye is considered a key figure in India’s parallel cinema movement, which flourished in the 1970s and 1980s. The award celebrates her remarkable contributions to Indian cinema and Marathi literature.
Key Points:
Award and Event: Sai Paranjpye will receive the Padmapani Lifetime Achievement Award during the 10th edition of the AIFF.
Event Dates and Location: The festival will be held from January 15 to 19, 2025, in Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar. The award will be presented at the opening ceremony on January 15 at the Rukmini Auditorium, MGM University Campus.
Contribution to Cinema:
Paranjpye is known for her slice-of-life films, with a legacy of exploring real, relatable stories through films such as Sparsh, Chashme Buddoor, Katha, and Saaz.
She was a prominent figure in the parallel cinema movement, working alongside Shyam Benegal, Govind Nihalani, and Mani Kaul.
Apart from films, she has also contributed significantly to Marathi literature through her plays, including Jaswandi, Sakkhe Shejari, and Albel.
Career Highlights:
Paranjpye, now 86 years old, has won four National Awards in recognition of her cinematic achievements.
She served as the Chairperson of the Children’s Film Society of India (CFSI) twice.
In 2006, she was awarded the Padma Bhushan for her contributions to Indian cinema.
Paranjpye is also a graduate of Delhi’s National School of Drama.
Award Details:
The Padmapani Lifetime Achievement Award will include a Padmapani memento, a letter of honour, and a monetary reward of ₹2 lakh.
The Padmapani Award Selection Committee includes prominent figures such as Latika Padgaonkar (chairperson), Ashutosh Gowariker, and Sunil Sukthankar.
Ranks and report news
Decline in Student Enrolment: UDISE+ Report 2023-24
The Ministry of Education’s Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) report for 2023-24 reveals a significant decline in student enrolment, marking a shift from the stable trends of previous years.
What is UDISE+?
The Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) is an online data collection system introduced in 2018-19 by the Department of School Education & Literacy. It replaced the manual, paper-based data collection process, improving data capture, mapping, and verification.
Key Findings:
Overall Enrolment Decline:
The total student enrolment has decreased to 24.8 crore in 2023-24, a drop of over one crore compared to previous years.
This represents a 6% decline from 26.02 crore recorded in 2018-19.
Gender-wise Enrolment Trends:
Boys: Enrolment fell from 13.53 crore in 2018-19 to 12.87 crore in 2023-24, marking a 4.87% decline.
Girls: Enrolment decreased from 12.49 crore in 2018-19 to 11.93 crore in 2023-24, a 4.48% decline.
Regional Variations:
Bihar: Enrolment dropped from over 2.49 crore in 2018-19 to over 2.13 crore in 2023-24, a decrease of 35.65 lakh students.
Uttar Pradesh: Enrolment fell from 4.44 crore in 2018-19 to 4.16 crore in 2023-24, a reduction of 28.26 lakh students.
Maharashtra: Enrolment decreased from over 2.32 crore in 2018-19 to 2.13 crore in 2023-24, a decline of 18.55 lakh students.
School Infrastructure:
90%+ of schools have basic amenities like electricity and gender-specific toilets.
57.2% of schools have functional computers.
53.9% of schools have internet access.
52.3% of schools are equipped with ramps.
Implications:
The substantial drop in enrolment raises concerns regarding the effectiveness of current educational policies and the need for targeted interventions. The data collected through UDISE+ will be vital in guiding future strategies aimed at improving student enrolment and retention rates across various states and demographics, and addressing regional disparities and infrastructure challenges.
Science and tech news
Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) Outbreak in China
China is currently experiencing a significant increase in cases of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), sparking concerns about a potential health crisis. Hospitals are becoming overcrowded, and experts suggest that a combination of multiple viruses, including HMPV, influenza A, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and COVID-19, may be contributing to the situation. Although some reports suggest a state of emergency, there has been no official confirmation from Chinese authorities.
Understanding HMPV
Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory virus responsible for both upper and lower respiratory infections. It was first identified in 2001 and affects people of all ages. However, young children, elderly individuals, and those with weakened immune systems are particularly vulnerable to severe infections.
Symptoms of HMPV
The symptoms of HMPV resemble those of other respiratory infections, such as the flu:
Cough
Fever
Nasal congestion
Shortness of breath
In severe cases, HMPV can lead to complications such as:
Bronchitis
Pneumonia
The incubation period typically lasts between three to six days, with symptom duration varying based on the severity of the infection.
Transmission of HMPV
HMPV spreads in similar ways to other respiratory viruses:
Through respiratory secretions from coughing and sneezing.
Close personal contact, such as handshaking or touching.
Contact with contaminated surfaces (e.g., doorknobs, toys) followed by touching the face (mouth, nose, or eyes).
High-Risk Groups
Certain populations are more likely to develop severe infections:
Young children
Older adults
Individuals with compromised immune systems (e.g., cancer patients, organ transplant recipients).
When to Seek Medical Attention
Important days
DRDO’s 67th Foundation Day
The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) celebrated its 67th Foundation Dayon January 2, 2025. Since its establishment in 1958, DRDO has expanded from a small organization with just 10 laboratories to a vast network of around 52 laboratories and 5 DRDO Young Scientist Laboratories (DYSLs) across India. These laboratories work on advanced defence technologies in areas such as missiles, aircraft, combat vehicles, naval systems, electronics, and life sciences.
Key Highlights of the Event:
Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh visited the DRDO Headquarters in New Delhi, where he interacted with senior scientists and officials.
Shri Rajnath Singh praised DRDO for its achievements and called for increased collaboration with the private sector and start-ups to boost indigenous defence capabilities.
Raksha Rajya Mantri Shri Sanjay Seth and DRDO Chairman Dr. Samir V. Kamat were also present during the celebrations.
Key Achievements of DRDO:
Mission: Empowering India’s Defense
DRDO’s core mission is to provide India’s armed forces with cutting-edge defence technologies and ensure self-reliance in critical defence systems.
Focus on reducing reliance on foreign imports.
Significant Contributions:
Agni and Prithvi missile series: Capable of carrying nuclear warheads.
Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) Tejas: India’s first indigenous fighter jet.
Arjun Main Battle Tank: Advanced tank designed and developed by DRDO.
INS Arihant: India’s first nuclear-powered submarine.
Advanced radars and electronic warfare systems.
Development of critical medical technologies and remote sensing technologies.
Future Endeavours: DRDO is working on cutting-edge technologies to ensure that India remains at the forefront of defence advancements, including:
Hypersonic missiles.
Directed energy weapons.
Artificial intelligence.
5G networks for the Indian military.
Quantum computing.
Vision for the Future:
Shri Rajnath Singh declared 2025 as the ‘Year of Reforms’, underscoring DRDO’s pivotal role in meeting the country’s defence needs.
He emphasized the importance of completing 2-3 critical projects by 2025, with the goal of 100 projects completed by the next Foundation Day.
World Braille Day: Celebrating Inclusivity and Accessibility
World Braille Day, observed annually on January 4, marks the birth anniversary of Louis Braille, the inventor of the Braille system. Recognized by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in 2018, the day highlights the importance of Braille in promoting literacy, independence, and inclusivity for visually impaired individuals.
Key Points:
Background and History:
Date: January 4 (Louis Braille’s birth anniversary).
First Observed: January 4, 2019.
UN Recognition: Declared by the UNGA in November 2018.
Purpose: To raise awareness about the importance of Braille as a communication tool and a means to ensure human rights for blind and visually impaired individuals.
Who Was Louis Braille?
Born: 1809 in Coupvray, France.
Invention: Braille lost his eyesight due to an accident at a young age and, at 15, developed the Braille system.
Inspiration: The system was inspired by a military night-writing code.
Impact: His six-dot tactile system has become the universal medium for visually impaired people to read and write effectively.
Significance of Braille:
Empowerment: Braille represents independence, literacy, and equality for visually impaired individuals.
Access to Opportunities: It provides access to education, information, and employment, enabling people to lead dignified lives.
Inclusivity: Literacy through Braille helps bridge the gap towards a more inclusive society.
Challenges in Braille Access:
Lack of Resources: Many visually impaired individuals around the world face difficulties in accessing Braille materials.
Developing Nations: Countries with fewer resources struggle with limited availability of Braille books, learning materials, and assistive technologies.
Awareness and Funding: Insufficient funding and low awareness hinder the widespread adoption and accessibility of Braille.
Test your knowledge with the latest quiz on current affairs from 20th December 2024! Stay updated and challenge yourself with key events and happenings around the world.
1.Which village in Gujarat’s Banaskantha district has become India’s first fully solar-powered border village?
Masali is the first fully solar-powered border village in India, located in Gujarat’s Banaskantha district. This village, situated just 40 kilometers from the Pakistan border, has transformed into a 100% solar-powered community.
Key Features:
Population and Location: Masali has a population of 800 people, and it is located in the Vav taluka of Banaskantha, near the Indo-Pak border.
Solar Energy Implementation: Under the PM Suryaghar Yojana, solar rooftops have been installed on 119 houses in the village. These installations generate a total of 225 kilowatts (KW) of electricity, making the village self-sufficient in energy.
2.Which state in India will be the first to implement the Uniform Civil Code (UCC) starting January 2025?
Uttarakhand will be the first Indian state to implement the Uniform Civil Code (UCC) starting January 2025. This significant step follows through on a promise made by Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami during the 2022 assembly elections.
What is the UCC?
The Uniform Civil Code (UCC) is designed to establish uniform personal laws across all citizens of India in matters like marriage, divorce, inheritance, and adoption, regardless of religion or caste. However, tribal communities are excluded from this law.
3. What is the main purpose of the 10th International Forest Fair held in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh?
A)To promote wildlife conservation
B)To empower local communities through sustainable forest practices
C)To highlight the importance of forest tourism
D)To showcase forest products for international trade
E)To promote forest-related research and development
To empower local communities through sustainable forest practices
Detailed Explanation:
The 10th International Forest Fair in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, held from December 17 to December 23, 2024, aims to promote sustainable forest practices and empower local communities. The fair is focused on improving livelihoods through better management of Minor Forest Produce (MFP), which is especially relevant for women empowerment in forested areas.
Key Purpose:
The fair’s theme is “Women Empowerment through Minor Forest Produce.” This highlights the significant role that women play in the collection, processing, and sale of MFPs, which are a vital source of income and sustenance in rural and forest-dependent communities. The fair aims to empower women and enhance their role in the economic and social development of their communities.
4.What is the primary purpose of the $42 million loan agreement signed between the Central Government of India and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in December 2024?
A)To enhance the capacity of India’s maritime defense
B)To improve infrastructure in Maharashtra’s urban centers
C)To support coastal protection and strengthen community resilience in Maharashtra
D)To boost agricultural production in coastal areas
E)To promote tourism along the Maharashtra coastline
C)To support coastal protection and strengthen community resilience in Maharashtra
Detailed Explanation:
The $42 million loan agreement between the Central Government of India and the Asian Development Bank (ADB), signed in December 2024, focuses on coastal protection and strengthening the resilience of coastal communities in Maharashtra. This initiative is a direct response to the increasing vulnerability of the coastline to erosion and the impacts of climate change.
Objectives of the Loan:
The main aim of this project is to strengthen coastal protection in Maharashtra, which will enhance the resilience of local communities and safeguard their livelihoods.
The project will focus on restoring and stabilizing the coastline, which has been facing threats from erosion and climate change. This will be achieved through various coastal management techniques.
Stakeholder Involvement:
The Maharashtra Maritime Board will be a key stakeholder, receiving support for shore management planning.
A new Coastal Infrastructure Management Unit will be set up under the project to improve the management and implementation of coastal protection activities.
5.Who has been appointed as the new Managing Director (MD) of State Bank of India (SBI) for a tenure of three years in December 2024?
Rama Mohan Rao Amara has been appointed as the new Managing Director (MD) of State Bank of India (SBI). His appointment was approved by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) following a recommendation from the Financial Services Institutions Bureau (FSIB). He will serve a tenure of three years.
Amara takes over from CS Setty, who was promoted to the position of Chairman of SBI in August 2024.
6.Which author won the Sahitya Akademi Award 2024 in the English language category for the novel Spirit Nights?
Kire won the Sahitya Akademi Award 2024 in the English language category for her novel Spirit Nights.
Spirit Nights is inspired by the folklore of the Chang Naga tribe from Nagaland and presents a tale filled with darkness and mystery from the narratives of the tribe. The novel captures the rich cultural heritage and traditions of the Chang Naga people, bringing their stories to a wider audience.
The Sahitya Akademi Award is one of India’s most prestigious literary awards, recognizing exceptional contributions to literature in multiple languages. This year, Kire’s work was honored in the English category for its unique blend of folklore and storytelling.
7.Who was honored with the prestigious Red Scarf and the title ‘Dasho’ by Bhutan’s King Jigme Khesar Namgyel for significant contributions to education?
Arun Kapur, an esteemed Indian educationist, was conferred the prestigious Red Scarf and the title ‘Dasho’ by Bhutan’s King Jigme Khesar Namgyel for his substantial contributions to education in India, Bhutan, and Oman.
The recognition took place during the 117th Bhutanese National Day celebrations at the Changlimithang stadium in Thimphu, Bhutan, showcasing his impact on educational development across the region.
The Red Scarf and ‘Dasho’ title are highly prestigious honors in Bhutan, given to individuals for their distinguished services in various fields, and Kapur’s contribution to education across multiple countries earned him this honor.
8.Which stadium is going to host the 2025 World Para Athletics Championships?
The 2025 World Para Athletics Championships will be hosted at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in New Delhi, making it the first time India will host this prestigious event. The championships are scheduled to take place from September 26 to October 5, 2025.
10.Which college is going to receive the prestigious President’s Colours for its contributions to military education and training?
The College of Defence Management (CDM) in Secunderabad is set to be awarded the prestigious President’s Colours in recognition of its outstanding contributions to military education and training. Founded in 1970, CDM has evolved into one of India’s most respected institutions, specializing in strategic planning, resource management, and leadership training for military officers. The award will be presented by President Droupadi Murmu during a ceremonial event at CDM.
11.Who was the recipient of the National Tansen Award 2023?
Pt. Swapan Choudhary, a distinguished tabla player from Kolkata, was honoured with the National Tansen Award for 2023 at the Tansen Festival in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. This prestigious award is one of the highest recognitions in the field of Indian classical music. Pt. Choudhary received an honorarium of five lakh rupees, a citation plaque, and a shawl-shriphal as part of the award.
12.What significant achievement has India made in wildlife conservation related to the Ganges River Dolphin?
A) First-ever breeding of Ganges River Dolphin in captivity
B) First-ever satellite tagging of a Ganges River Dolphin
C) Discovery of a new species of Ganges River Dolphin
D) First-ever sanctuary for the Ganges River Dolphin
E) First-ever successful relocation of a Ganges River Dolphin
B) First-ever satellite tagging of a Ganges River Dolphin
Explanation:
India has achieved a significant milestone in wildlife conservation with the first-ever satellite tagging of a Ganges RiverDolphin (Platanista gangetica). This initiative is part of Project Dolphin, led by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), and was conducted in Assam. This marks a global first for the species and is a major step in the protection of India’s National Aquatic Animal.
13.From which position did India rise to the 3rd spot in global smartphone exports?
India’s rise in global smartphone exports is remarkable, as the country moved from the 23rd position in 2019 to the 3rd spot in 2024. This achievement, with smartphone exports crossing ₹20,000 crore in November 2024, highlights the success of government initiatives and the strengthening of India’s domestic manufacturing and export ecosystem.
14.Who won both the FIDE World Under-18 Youth Rapid and Blitz titles in Slovenia?
Pranav Venkatesh, the top-seeded Grandmaster from Chennai, made history by winning both the FIDE World Under-18 Youth Rapid and Blitz titles in Slovenia. He clinched the gold medal in the Rapid category with an impressive score of 9.5 points. His victory in both categories highlights his exceptional skill and composure on the international chess stage.
15.What remarkable achievement did Kiran Ankush Jadhav accomplish at the 67th National Shooting Championship?
A) He won the men’s 10m air rifle title
B) He claimed the men’s 50m rifle 3 positions (3P) title
C) He broke the National Shooting Championship record
D) He secured a silver medal in the men’s 50m rifle 3 positions
Answer Key: B) He claimed the men’s 50m rifle 3 positions (3P) title
Explanation:
Kiran Ankush Jadhav made a remarkable performance at the 67th National Shooting Championship in Bhopal, claiming the gold medal in the men’s 50m rifle 3 positions (3P) event. Despite being in third place until the 40th shot, Jadhav made a strong comeback in the final stages, scoring a series of high marks to finish with 465.8 points, surpassing Olympian Aishwary Pratap Singh Tomar and Paris Olympic bronze medalist Swapnil Kusale.
16.What is the mascot of the 38th National Games 2025 in Uttarakhand?
The mascot for the 38th National Games 2025 in Uttarakhand is “Mauli,” inspired by the Monal, the state bird of Uttarakhand. The mascot symbolizes the region’s uniqueness and aims to motivate young athletes to aim high. The unveiling of Mauli, along with the logo, jersey, anthem, and tagline, was a significant part of the event marking the launch of the Games.
17.On which day is Minorities Rights Day observed every year?
Minorities Rights Day is observed every year on December 18 to commemorate the adoption of the United Nations’ Statement on the Rights of Individuals belonging to Religious or Linguistic National or Ethnic Minorities in 1992. The National Commission for Minorities (NCM) in India celebrated this day on December 18, 2024, to raise awareness about the rights of minorities and promote their freedom, equality, and inclusion in society.
Test your knowledge with the latest quiz on current affairs from 19th December 2024! Stay updated and challenge yourself with key events and happenings around the world.
1.In which city did Uber launch the ‘Moto Women’ pilot program to enhance safety and inclusivity in urban mobility?
Uber launched a pilot program called ‘Moto Women’ in Bengaluru in December 2024. The program is specifically designed to address the safety concerns of female riders and drivers in the bike taxi sector. This initiative is aimed at enhancing the inclusivity and safety of urban mobility, especially in a fast-growing market like Bengaluru.
Purpose of the Program:
The ‘Moto Women’ program is an exclusive bike taxi service for female riders and female drivers, designed to empower women while simultaneously addressing concerns regarding safety and operational challenges in the bike taxi industry, especially in Karnataka.
Why Bengaluru:
Bengaluru, known as the tech capital of India, is one of the major urban centers with high demand for urban mobility solutions. The city has a vibrant tech ecosystem and a growing number of women entering the workforce, making it a suitable location for such a pilot aimed at improving women’s safety in public transport.
2.Which of the following countries is hosting an AYUSH Chair as part of the Ministry of AYUSH’s initiative to promote international cooperation?
The Ministry of AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Sowa-Rigpa, and Homoeopathy) has launched a scheme to promote international cooperation in the AYUSH sector. This initiative aims to spread awareness, develop recognition, and enhance research collaboration in AYUSH practices globally.
Key Objective:
One of the key components of the initiative is the establishment of AYUSH Chairs in various foreign universities. These AYUSH Chairs will promote academic exchange, research collaboration, and recognition of AYUSH systems worldwide.
Countries Hosting AYUSH Chairs:
According to the Ministry of AYUSH’s initiative, the following countries have established AYUSH Chairs:
Mauritius
Bangladesh
Australia
Latvia
Malaysia
3. Which country has officially joined the International Solar Alliance (ISA) as its newest member?
Moldova has officially become a member of the International Solar Alliance (ISA), highlighting its commitment to renewable energy and sustainability. The ISA Framework Agreement was signed in New Delhi by India’s External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and Moldovan Deputy Prime Minister Mihai Popșoi.
ISA’s Purpose:
The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is a coalition of solar-rich countries that work together to overcome challenges related to solar energy financing, technology, and scalability. It aims to mobilize over USD 1,000 billion in investments by 2030 to promote the growth of solar energy globally.
Recent Expansions:
Moldova’s inclusion follows the addition of Armenia as the 104th full member of the ISA, marking continued expansion in the number of countries participating in the alliance.
4.What is the revised GDP growth forecast for India for Fiscal Year 2024-25 (FY25), as per Fitch Ratings Inc.?
In December 2024, Fitch Ratings Inc., a leading USA-based credit rating agency, revised its GDP growth forecast for India for Fiscal Year 2024-25 (FY25). The forecast was lowered by 60 basis points (bps), reducing the previous estimate from 7.0% to 6.4%. This adjustment reflects challenges and considerations such as global economic factors, domestic economic conditions, and inflation pressures that could impact India’s economic growth in FY25.
Significance of the Revision:
The downward revision indicates that Fitch Ratings is cautious about the economic outlook, likely due to factors such as global economic slowdown, inflation, and policy uncertainties that may affect India’s growth. Despite the reduction, the 6.4% growth rate is still considered relatively strong for a developing economy.
5.What is the primary purpose of the Prakrutik Krushi Portal launched by the Chief Minister of Gujarat in December 2024?
The Prakrutik Krushi Portal (Natural Agriculture Portal) was launched by Bhupendra Patel, the Chief Minister of Gujarat, in December 2024. The primary goal of this portal is to promote organic farming in Gujarat. It aims to provide a platform for farmers to access resources, information, and support related to organic farming practices. By fostering the adoption of natural and sustainable farming methods, the portal seeks to enhance the environmental sustainability of agriculture in the state.
Significance of Organic Farming:
Organic farming is a key component of sustainable agriculture, emphasizing the use of natural resources without relying on synthetic chemicals or fertilizers. The portal is part of a broader push to encourage eco-friendly agricultural practices, improve soil health, and promote sustainable livelihoods for farmers in Gujarat.
6.Who was appointed as the new Prime Minister of France in December 2024?
In December 2024, Francois Bayrou, the leader of the centrist political party MoDem (Mouvement Démocrate), was appointed as the Prime Minister of France by President Emmanuel Macron. This appointment followed the overthrow of Michel Barnier, the previous Prime Minister, by the French Parliament. Bayrou is a prominent political figure in France and has been a significant leader of the centrist political movement. His appointment represents a shift towards reinforcing centrist governance under Macron’s leadership.
7.Who developed India’s first indigenous anti-pesticide bodysuit, Kisan Kavach?
A)Sepio Health Pvt. Ltd.
B)Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
C)BRIC-inStem, Bangalore
D)Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
E)Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
India’s first indigenous anti-pesticide bodysuit, Kisan Kavach, was developed by BRIC-inStem, Bangalore, in collaboration with Sepio Health Pvt. Ltd. The suit is designed to protect farmers from the health risks associated with pesticide exposure, which has been a growing concern in India’s agricultural sector. This bodysuit aims to provide a shield to farmers and reduce the adverse health effects from prolonged pesticide contact.
Significance of the Development:
The launch of Kisan Kavach is a significant step in improving the safety and wellbeing of farmers, who are often exposed to harmful pesticides during their daily work in the fields. By offering a protective suit, this innovation aligns with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s vision of using science and technology to empower India’s agricultural community, ensuring both productivity and health are prioritized.
8.Which player became India’s highest wicket-taker in Test cricket on Australian soil, surpassing Kapil Dev’s record of 51 wickets?
Jasprit Bumrah made history by becoming India’s highest wicket-taker in Test cricket on Australian soil. On December 18, 2024, during the fifth day of the ongoing third Test between India and Australia at The Gabba, Brisbane, Bumrah surpassed Kapil Dev’s record of 51 Test wickets in Australia. With 52 wickets now to his name, Bumrah has etched his name in history as India’s top wicket-taker in Tests in Australia.
10.Which Indian cricketer announced his retirement from international cricket at the end of the third Border-Gavaskar Trophy Test in Brisbane on December 18, 2024?
Ravichandran Ashwin, one of India’s premier spinners, announced his retirement from international cricket at the end of the third Border-Gavaskar Trophy Test in Brisbane on December 18, 2024. This marked the conclusion of his remarkable 14-year international career.
Why is Ashwin’s retirement significant?
Ashwin’s retirement marks the end of a stellar career in which he became one of India’s greatest match-winners. He is renowned for his tactical brilliance, versatility, and ability to adapt to various conditions. His achievements include being the second-highest wicket-taker for India in Test cricket, cementing his place as one of the finest spinners in world cricket.
11.In December 2024, India’s National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with which organization during the 15th India-UAE Joint Commission Meeting (JCM) in New Delhi?
The Ram temple project in Ayodhya was awarded the ‘Sword of Honour‘ by the British Safety Council in recognition of the exceptional safety measures implemented during the temple’s construction. The announcement was made by Nripendra Misra, Chairman of the Construction Committee of Shri Ram Janmbhoomi Teerth Kshetra Trust, highlighting the importance of safety in large-scale construction projects.
What is the ‘Sword of Honour’?
The ‘Sword of Honour’ is one of the highest recognitions for safety management in the world. To receive this prestigious award, a project must achieve a five-star safety rating in a comprehensive audit conducted by the British Safety Council. This is followed by rigorous on-site evaluations to assess the safety practices implemented throughout the construction phase. It is a symbol of meticulous planning, execution, and adherence to global safety standards
12.Who has been awarded the 34th Vyas Samman 2024 for her novel Kaun Des Ko Vasi: Venu Ki Diary?
Suryabala, a renowned Hindi writer, has been awarded the 34th Vyas Samman 2024 for her novel Kaun Des Ko Vasi: Venu Ki Diary. This prestigious literary award is conferred annually by the KK Birla Foundation to honor exceptional Hindi literary works from the last decade.
About the Novel:
Kaun Des Ko Vasi: Venu Ki Diary was published in 2018 and revolves around the experiences of Indian youth in America. The novel touches on critical themes such as cultural conflicts, identity crises, and alienation that Indian diaspora youth often face when they relocate abroad for better opportunities. The book presents a nuanced portrayal of the internal struggles faced by individuals torn between their heritage and the desire to adapt to a new cultural environment.
12.Who won The Best FIFA Men’s Player award at The Best FIFA Football Awards 2024?
The Best FIFA Men’s Player award for 2024 was given to Vinicius Jr, the Brazilian winger for Real Madrid. His exceptional performances throughout the year, both for his club and the national team, earned him this prestigious recognition. His skill, speed, and ability to score crucial goals made him a standout player in the football world.
Why Vinicius Jr?
Vinicius Jr has been instrumental in Real Madrid’s successes in domestic and international competitions. His exceptional dribbling skills, ability to create chances, and goal-scoring prowess were key to his team’s victories during the year. His performances in the UEFA Champions League, La Liga, and international competitions with Brazil helped cement his place as the world’s best male footballer in 2024.
13.In December 2024, NLC India Limited (NLCIL) partnered with which company to commence commercial operations of its first supercritical power plant, the 1980 Mega Watt Ghatampur Thermal Power Plant (GTPP)?
NLC India Limited (NLCIL), a public sector enterprise based in Neyveli, Tamil Nadu, partnered with Uttar Pradesh Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Limited (UPRVUNL) for the successful commencement of the commercial operations of its first supercritical power plant, the Ghatampur Thermal Power Plant (GTPP) in Uttar Pradesh. This power plant has a capacity of 1980 Mega Watt (MW), marking a significant achievement in the energy sector.
Why This Partnership is Important:
The partnership between NLCIL and UPRVUNL will play a crucial role in the development of clean and efficient energy generation in Uttar Pradesh. Supercritical power plants are more efficient than conventional ones and have a lower environmental footprint, contributing to the overall energy sustainability goals of India.
14.Which day is observed annually on December 18 to honor the contributions of migrants and highlight the challenges they face?
A)International Workers’ Day
B)World Refugee Day
C)International Migrants Day
D)World Human Rights Day
E)International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination
International Migrants Day is observed every year on December 18 to recognize and honor the contributions of migrants across the world. This day also draws attention to the challenges they face, such as their rights, integration into societies, and the risk of exploitation. It emphasizes the importance of creating fair and inclusive migration policies that respect the dignity and rights of migrants.
Theme for 2024:
The theme for International Migrants Day 2024 is “Honouring the contributions of migrants and respecting their rights.” This theme underlines the significance of migrant contributions to societies globally, while advocating for the protection of their rights and addressing challenges related to migration.
15.Tulsi Gowda, a celebrated environmentalist from Karnataka, is affectionately known as:
Tulsi Gowda was affectionately known as “The Tree Goddess” due to her remarkable work in afforestation and environmental conservation. She was recognized for her tireless efforts in planting and nurturing over 1 lakh trees, helping preserve the natural ecosystem, especially in Karnataka’s forests. Her contribution to the environment earned her the prestigious Padma Shri award in 2021.
Significance of Her Work:
Gowda’s passion for ecological preservation led her to become a symbol of environmental stewardship. Her work focused on nurturing and planting indigenous species, contributing to the protection and expansion of forests in her region. She is often seen as an icon of dedication to the environment, overcoming significant personal and financial hardships to achieve her goals.
Test your knowledge with the latest quiz on current affairs from 18th December 2024! Stay updated and challenge yourself with key events and happenings around the world.
1.In which city has the GSI Geoscience Museum, a state-of-the-art facility housed in the historic Victoria Market Building, been inaugurated by Vice President Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar to serve as a hub of geological knowledge and showcase the contributions of the Geological Survey of India (GSI)?
The GSI Geoscience Museum was inaugurated in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, in the historic Victoria Market Building. This facility combines tradition and innovation to highlight the geological wonders of Earth and the significant role of the Geological Survey of India (GSI) in exploring and utilizing the nation’s geological resources. The inauguration was led by Vice President Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar, along with other dignitaries, celebrating the museum as a center of knowledge and a tribute to India’s geological heritage
2.What significant framework was unveiled by India in December 2024, making it the first country globally to introduce a regulatory approach for sustainable manufacturing in the steel industry?
In December 2024, Union Minister H.D. Kumaraswamy from the Ministry of Steel (MoS) and the Ministry of Heavy Industries & Public Enterprises (MoHI&PE) unveiled the ‘Taxonomy of Green Steel’. This groundbreaking framework is the first of its kind globally and aims to define and regulate green steel production based on emission intensity, promoting sustainable manufacturing in the steel industry. The initiative reflects India’s commitment to reducing carbon emissions and fostering innovation in environmentally responsible steel production.
3. When is the initiative for visa-free travel to Russia for Indian nationals expected to begin, according to the discussions between India and Russia?
The initiative for visa-free travel between India and Russia is expected to commence in spring 2025. This follows bilateral discussions held in June 2024, which aimed to ease visa restrictions and promote group tourist exchanges. Currently, Indian nationals require visas to visit Russia, but the anticipated agreement is set to streamline travel, enhance tourism, and strengthen the relationship between the two countries.
4.By how much did food price inflation in India decrease from October 2024 to November 2024?
In October 2024, food price inflation was recorded at 11.6%.
In November 2024, it moderated to 8.9%.
The difference is calculated as:
11.6% – 8.9% = 3.5%
This 3.5% reduction marks a significant deceleration in food price inflation. It was primarily driven by a sharp slowdown in vegetable price increases, from 63% in October to 28.6% in November, despite the continued sharp rise in potato prices, which increased by 82.8% in November.
5.What was the net profit reported by Public Sector Banks (PSBs) in the first half of FY 2024-25?
BharatPe, a leading financial technology company, introduced the “Shield” plan in December 2024.
The initiative is aimed at protecting users from fraudulent Unified Payments Interface (UPI) transactions and enhancing digital transaction security.
Key Features of “Shield”:
Complimentary fraud protection for the first 30 days covering up to ₹5,000.
Affordable subscription plan at ₹19 per month after the free period.
Comprehensive coverage for risks like phishing attacks, computer fraud, and unauthorized transactions, including a pre-reporting period of up to 10 days.
24/7 support for reporting fraud and filing claims.
Additional Facts About BharatPe:
Founded in 2018, BharatPe is known for pioneering innovations in the financial sector.
It introduced India’s first UPI-compatible QR code and zero MDR (Merchant Discount Rate) payment service.
In August 2024, BharatPe expanded into consumer payments by rebranding its Postpe app and launching its UPI Third-Party Application Provider (TPAP) services.
This question tests knowledge about a significant initiative in the financial technology sector while reinforcing awareness of BharatPe’s contributions to digital payments in India.
7.What is the primary purpose of INS Nirdeshak, the new survey ship commissioned by the Indian Navy in December 2024?
Primary Purpose: INS Nirdeshak is designed for hydrographic surveys and charting. This involves mapping the seabed, identifying navigational hazards, and contributing to safe maritime navigation.
Significance: These surveys play a crucial role in supporting the Indian Navy’s operations and enhancing India’s maritime presence, particularly in the Indian Ocean Region.
Construction: Built by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE) in Kolkata, INS Nirdeshak is part of the Survey Vessel (Large) Project. It is the second vessel in this series, demonstrating India’s growing focus on indigenous shipbuilding.
Legacy: The ship carries forward the legacy of the original INS Nirdeshak, which served the Indian Navy for 32 years before its decommissioning in 2014.
8.In which year was the Sri Lanka-India Naval Exercise (SLINEX) first initiated?
Origin of SLINEX: The Sri Lanka-India Naval Exercise (SLINEX) was first initiated in 2005 to enhance maritime cooperation and interoperability between the navies of India and Sri Lanka.
Purpose: The exercise aims to strengthen mutual understanding, improve operational capabilities, and ensure maritime security in the region.
2024 Edition: The 2024 edition is scheduled to take place from December 17 to December 20, 2024, at Visakhapatnam under the Eastern Naval Command.
Structure of the Exercise: It consists of two phases:
Harbour Phase: Includes pre-sea briefings, professional exchanges, and planning.
Sea Phase: Involves tactical exercises, maneuvers, and joint operations.
Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:
2000: SLINEX was not initiated this early; bilateral naval cooperation gained momentum in 2005.
2010: By 2010, SLINEX was already established and conducted regularly.
2015: SLINEX had been ongoing for a decade by this year.
2020: SLINEX was well underway before this year, with significant progress in its scope and importance.
This question highlights the historical significance of SLINEX and its role in fostering bilateral ties and regional maritime security.
10.Which temple from India won the “Award of Distinction” in the 2024 UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation?
Award of Distinction: The Abathsahayeshwarar Temple, located in Tamil Nadu, was recognized with the prestigious “Award of Distinction” for its exceptional conservation efforts. This recognition highlights its significant contribution to preserving India’s cultural and historical heritage.
Other Recognized Indian Project: The Sir Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Parsee Charitable Institution (BJPCI) in Maharashtra received the “Award of Merit.”
Context of the Awards: The 2024 UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation honored a total of 8 projects across 5 countries, with India receiving awards for 2 projects.
11.Which of Air India’s in-flight products won the Good Design Award Australia 2024?
Answer Key: Air India’s Vista Verve in-flight product
Detailed Explanation:
Good Design Award Australia 2024: The Vista Verve in-flight product received the prestigious Good Design Award Australia 2024. This award recognized the excellence in innovation and design of Air India’s in-flight offering, which includes luxurious elements such as exclusive tableware, Slovakian lead-free glassware, premium linens, and mattress toppers, focusing on both sustainability and comfort for passengers.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
Air India’s Executive Lounge: This lounge has not been awarded the Good Design Award Australia 2024.
Air India’s Maharaja Experience: Although well-known, this service experience wasn’t recognized with this award in 2024.
Air India’s Premium Class Amenities: This category was not specifically awarded the Good Design Award 2024.
Air India’s Business Class Cabin: The Business Class Cabin was not the focus of this particular award.
11.What is the primary purpose of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed between Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya (GSV) and the Indian Navy?
A)To promote collaboration in maritime defense strategy
B)To enhance education, research, and training in logistics for the Navy
C)To develop new naval technology and innovations
D)To establish a new naval base for the Indian Navy
E)To enhance the fleet’s capacity for international missions
To enhance education, research, and training in logistics for the Navy
Detailed Explanation:
Purpose of the MoU: The MoU signed between Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya (GSV) and the Indian Navy focuses on improving education, research, and training in logisticsto enhance the Navy’s logistical capabilities. This partnership aligns with India’s broader initiatives like the PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan and National Logistics Policy, aiming to modernize and streamline the logistics sector, especially in defense.
12.By winning the Women’s Junior Asia Cup, India qualified for which upcoming event?
Answer Key: 2025 FIH Women’s Junior Hockey World Cup
Detailed Explanation:
India’s Qualification: By winning the Women’s Junior Asia Cup in Muscat, Oman, the Indian women’s junior hockey team secured their qualification for the 2025 FIH Women’s Junior Hockey World Cup to be held in Chile.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
The Summer Olympics is a different event, and winning the Junior Asia Cup does not directly qualify teams for the Olympics.
The ICC Women’s World Cup is a cricket event, not related to hockey.
The FIH Hockey World Cup is for senior teams, whereas this qualification is for the Junior Hockey World Cup.
The AFC Women’s Football Championship is unrelated to hockey, as it is a football (soccer) competition.
This win highlights the growing strength of India’s women’s junior hockey team and their path to further success on the global stage.
13.In November 2024, which cases were declared as “Notifiable Diseases” by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in India?
The Declaration: In November 2024, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW) declared snakebite cases as a Notifiable Disease in India. This means that all government and public health facilities are now required to report snakebite cases and related deaths, ensuring better monitoring and response.
14.On December 12, 2024, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully completed a sea-level hot test of which type of engine?
The Test Conducted: On November 29, 2024, ISRO completed a sea-level hot test of its CE20 cryogenic engine at the ISRO Propulsion Complex in Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. This test is a critical step in the development of cryogenic technology for India’s future space missions, particularly for missions requiring higher payloads and advanced propulsion systems.
Why Cryogenic Engine is the Correct Answer:
The CE20 cryogenic engine is designed to use cryogenic fuels (liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen) and is pivotal for India’s space exploration, as it enables higher thrust and efficiency, especially for heavy payload launches into higher orbits.
15.On December 12, 2024, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully completed a sea-level hot test of which type of engine?
The Test Conducted: On November 29, 2024, ISRO completed a sea-level hot test of its CE20 cryogenic engine at the ISRO Propulsion Complex in Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu. This test is a critical step in the development of cryogenic technology for India’s future space missions, particularly for missions requiring higher payloads and advanced propulsion systems.
16.Which space technology company successfully delivered the iBooster Green Propulsion System to the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) in December 2024?
Manastu Space Technologies Private Limited, a deep-technology startup based in Mumbai, Maharashtra, successfully delivered the iBooster Green Propulsion System to DRDO in December 2024. This achievement marks a significant milestone in the field of green propulsion technology, which is essential for reducing the environmental impact of space missions.
17.Who is the author of the book titled “New Bharat – Modi’s Vision and Development 2019-2024”?
The book titled “New Bharat – Modi’s Vision and Development 2019-2024” was launched by Union Minister of Culture and Tourism, Gajendra Singh Shekhawat in December 2024 at the Constitution Club in New Delhi. The book focuses on the developmental initiatives and schemes introduced during the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi from 2019 to 2024, showcasing his vision for India’s progress and growth.
18.Who is the author of the book titled “New Bharat – Modi’s Vision and Development 2019-2024”?
The book titled “New Bharat – Modi’s Vision and Development 2019-2024” was launched by Union Minister of Culture and Tourism, Gajendra Singh Shekhawat in December 2024 at the Constitution Club in New Delhi. The book focuses on the developmental initiatives and schemes introduced during the leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi from 2019 to 2024, showcasing his vision for India’s progress and growth.
Author:
The author of this book is Ravi Prashar, a notable writer who has penned the work focusing on India’s development trajectory under the leadership of Narendra Modi.
Publisher:
The book was published by Hindustan Times, a prominent media house, further lending credibility to its content.
19.Who led the legal battle for pensioners’ rights in India, which resulted in the 1982 Supreme Court judgment?
Pensioners Day is observed on 17th December every year in India to honor D.S. Nakara, a retired government official who became a symbol of the fight for pensioners’ rights. This day commemorates the 1982 Supreme Court judgment, which ensured equality and justice for pensioners by guaranteeing them the same pension benefits, irrespective of their retirement date.
The Legal Battle:
The battle was led by D.S. Nakara, who had retired from the Department of Defense and fought for the rights of pensioners. He challenged the government’s policy of granting different pension benefits to retirees based on their retirement date, arguing that it was discriminatory and violated the principles of equality enshrined in the Constitution.
1982 Supreme Court Judgment:
The Supreme Court of India ruled in favor of D.S. Nakara and other pensioners, declaring that the pension system should not differentiate between pensioners based on their retirement dates. The judgment ensured that all pensioners would receive the same pension benefits, upholding justice and equality for them.
Title: No secret affair: on the draft Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025
The draft Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025, is a long overdue advance in the direction of enforcing the fundamental right to informational privacy for Indians, affirmed by the Supreme Court of India in the landmark case, Justice K.S. Puttaswamy vs. Union of India (2017). The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, which these draft rules seek to enforce, was passed in Parliament over a year ago. This seven-year wait has most likely not been without costs for the privacy of the data of Indians, as it coincided with a period that saw a rapid growth in digitisation. The proposed rules offer direction on how online services will be required to: communicate the purposes of their data collection to users; safeguard children’s data online; establish the Data Protection Board of India (DPBI); set the standards for government agencies to follow to be exempt from the Act’s provisions, and spell out the procedures to be observed if personal data is breached by a data fiduciary. The concerns regarding the proposed DPBI’s institutional design have not been resolved by these proposed Rules, and it may not be realistic to expect such an outcome from subordinate legislation.
It is regrettable that the government continues to cloak the rule-making process of a critical policy such as this in secrecy. Since the Justice B.N. Srikrishna committee was convened to draft the first Bill for data protection, the government has consistently declined to place recommendations from stakeholders in the public domain, and has foreclosed such disclosure for these draft rules as well. For legislation where the stakes are high for individual users as well as for large technology firms, an open deliberative process is essential. It can only be facilitated when industry associations and the general public can find equal footing by being equal participants with transparency into each other’s viewpoints during the consultation process. In the short and medium term, it is essential for the government to proceed with these principles in mind, while never departing from the key aims of any data protection law: minimising data collection, promoting disclosures, penalising neglect in protecting user data, and discouraging surveillance practices, both by the private sector and the government. This process must also play out in a timely fashion, as Indians have been waiting far too long to finally obtain the rights that were affirmed for them in 2017. Else, people’s confidence in the government’s seriousness about protecting their data from government agencies as well as private enterprises would be shaken.
Meaning of the word:
Word
Meaning
Synonyms
Antonyms
Breached
The term “breached” has several meanings depending on the context, but it generally refers to a violation or breaking of something.
Penetrated Pierced Overcame Bypassed
Fortified Secured Protected Guarded
Regrettable
“Regrettable” means something that is unfortunate, undesirable, or worthy of regret. It refers to situations, actions, or events that cause disappointment, sadness, or a sense of remorse.
We at Edusprint Academy are committed to bringing you the most relevant and updated 3rd January 2025 current affairs current affairs 2024, curated from trusted and official sources. These updates are designed to keep you ahead in your exam preparation journey.
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National news
India’s first coastal and wader bird census in Jamnagar, Gujarat
India’s first coastal and wader bird census will be conducted from January 3 to 5, 2025, in the Marine National Park and Marine Sanctuary in Jamnagar, Gujarat. The census is being organized by the Gujarat government’s Forest Department in collaboration with the Bird Conservation Society Gujarat (BCSG).
Key Features of the Census:
Day 1: Speeches by wildlife and forest experts.
Day 2: Bird counting.
Day 3: Knowledge sharing and closing ceremony.
About the Marine National Park and Marine Sanctuary:
Marine Sanctuary: Established in 1980, covering 458 sq km.
Marine National Park: Established in 1982, covering 163 sq km.
Located in the Gulf of Kutch, it includes 42 tropical islands along the northern coast of Jamnagar and southern coast of Kutch.
Geographical Features:
The sanctuary lies in the intertidal zone, where the sea meets the land at high and low tides.
The area is rich in coral reefs, home to 52 coral species.
Bird Species:
The sanctuary, with its mangrove forests, serves as a nesting area for wader birds like Painted Stork, Darter, Black-necked Ibis, Avocets, and Phalaropes.
It also hosts fish-catching birds such as Gulls, Terns, Kingfishers, Osprey, Marsh Harrier, and Palla’s Fish Eagle.
Part of the Central Asian Migratory Birds Flyway.
Gujarat:
Capital: Gandhinagar
Governor: Acharya Devvrat
Chief minister: Bhupendra Patel
Government extends Agriculture Crop insurance scheme till 2025-26
In a boost to the agricultural sector in the country, the government of India has approved several policy decisions including the extension of the major crop insurance scheme- Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme and Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana.
The government has also approved the creation of FIAT to fund research and development projects in the agricultural sector like YES-TECH, and WINDS.
The decision was taken in a meeting of the Union cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 1 January 2025.
Extension of the Crop Insurance Scheme : The central government has extended the central sector crop insurance scheme –Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana and Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme by one year till 2025-26.
Key Decisions:
Extension of Crop Insurance Schemes:
The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) and Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme have been extended for one more year, until 2025-26.
The total allocation for both schemes from 2021-22 to 2025-26 is Rs. 69,515.71 crore.
PMFBY compensates farmers for crop loss due to unforeseen conditions.
Restructured Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme insures against crop loss due to adverse weather conditions like rainfall, temperature, frost, and humidity.
Creation of Fund for Innovation and Technology (FIAT):
The government has approved the establishment of FIAT with a corpus of Rs. 824.77 crore.
FIAT will fund research and development projects such as YES-TECH and WINDS.
Key Initiatives Under FIAT:
YES-TECH (Yield Estimation System using Technology):
Uses remote sensing technology to estimate crop yields.
The General Crop Estimation Survey (GCES) will give a 30% weightage to YES-TECH.
Implemented in 9 states, with Madhya Pradesh adopting 100% technology-based estimation.
WINDS (Weather Information and Network Data Systems):
Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) will be set up at the block level, and Automatic Rain Gauges (ARGs) at the panchayat level for data collection.
WINDS is being implemented in 9 states, including Uttar Pradesh, Kerala, Assam, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, and more.
The central government will fund 90% of the cost, with states covering the remaining 10%.
International news
Sevdalinka: UNESCO Recognition Highlights Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Intangible Cultural Heritage
In December 2024, Sevdalinka, a melancholic and ancient love song from Bosnia and Herzegovina, was added to the UNESCO National Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH). This recognition highlights the importance of safeguarding and celebrating this cultural tradition on a national and international level.
Key Features of Sevdalinka:
Historical Roots: Dates back to the 16th century, making it a deeply rooted tradition in the region.
Emotional Depth: Often referred to as the ‘Balkan blues’ for its soulful melodies and poignant themes.
Cultural Significance: Represents the rich cultural and artistic heritage of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Understanding Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH):
Definition: ICH includes practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, and skills that communities and individuals recognize as part of their cultural heritage.
Purpose: Safeguarding ICH ensures the preservation of cultural diversity and traditions for future generations.
About Bosnia and Herzegovina:
President: Denis Bećirović
Prime Minister: Nermin Nikšić
Capital: Sarajevo
Currency: Bosnia-Herzegovina Convertible Mark (BAM)
This recognition by UNESCO reinforces the global appreciation for Sevdalinka as a vital component of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s cultural identity.
Tourist Tax Rolled Out in Russia From Jan. 1
Russia has introduced a new tourist tax, effective January 1, 2025, replacing the previous resort fee. This tax is designed to enhance regional tourism infrastructure and support local economies. The phased tax plan will begin with a 1% levy on lodging costs, increasing to 3% by 2027.
Key Details:
Implementation Date: Effective from January 1, 2025.
Tax Rates:
Starts at 1% of lodging costs in 2025.
Gradually increases to 3% by 2027.
Minimum daily charge set at 100 rubles (approximately 0.9 USD).
Purpose: To strengthen regional tourism infrastructure and support local economies.
Legislative Background:
Introduced via amendments to the Russian Tax Code in July 2024.
A new chapter titled “Tourist Tax” was added to the code.
Regional Discretion:
Regional authorities can implement the tax as a local levy.
The tax is expected to be widely adopted by regions with thriving or emerging tourism sectors.
Collection Mechanism:
The tax will be paid by hotels and lodging providers, incorporated into accommodation prices.
The cost of the tax will ultimately be borne by tourists.
Transition from Resort Fee: This new tourist tax replaces the earlier resort fee, providing a more structured and scalable framework for tourism funding.
Russia:
Capital: Moscow
Currency: Russian Ruble
Continent: Europe, Asia
Official language: Russian
Prime minister: Mikhail Mishustin
Economy news
Ramesh Chand to head the Working Group on the revision of WPI Base
The Government of India has formed a Working Group to revise the base year of the Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and recommend a roadmap for transitioning to the Producer Price Index (PPI).
Key Points:
Base Year Change: The base year for WPI will shift from 2011-12 to 2022-23.
Notification Date: The government issued this notification on 2 January 2025.
Working Group Composition:
Chairperson: Professor Ramesh Chand (NITI Aayog member).
Members: 16 others, with the Deputy Director General of DPIIT acting as the Member Secretary.
Report Deadline: The Working Group is expected to submit its report to the Office of the Economic Adviser at the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) within 18 months.
Terms of Reference for the Working Group:
Commodities for WPI/PPI: Suggest commodities to include in WPI and PPI with the new base year, considering structural changes in the economy.
Price Collection System: Review and propose changes in the existing system of price collection.
Computational Methodology: Suggest methodologies for computing WPI/PPI.
PPI Compilation Methodology: Examine the Technical Advisory Committee’s methodology for PPI and recommend any changes.
Transition Roadmap: Recommend a plan for transitioning from WPI to PPI.
Reliability of Data: Suggest improvements to increase the reliability of WPI/PPI data.
Overview of Current Indices:
WPI (Wholesale Price Index):
Measures the average wholesale prices of goods at the producer level.
Excludes taxes, trade discounts, transport charges, and services.
Used to calculate real GDP.
Published monthly by DPIIT, Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
CPI (Consumer Price Index):
Measures the average price of goods and services consumed by households (retail inflation).
Used to target inflation, revise wages, and determine dearness allowances.
Published monthly by NSO, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.
PPI (Producer Price Index) (Proposed):
Measures wholesale prices at different production stages.
Includes the service sector, which is absent from WPI.
Commonly used in developed countries to track economic activity.
Aims to improve upon the current WPI methodology for better tracking of price changes.
India Achieves 36% Reduction in GDP Emission Intensity from 2005 to 2020
India has made significant strides in decoupling economic growth from greenhouse gas emissions, achieving a 36% reduction in GDP emission intensity between 2005 and 2020. This progress aligns with the nation’s climate action targets under the Paris Agreement.
Key Highlights
Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions
In 2020, India’s total greenhouse gas emissions, excluding land use, land-use change, and forestry (LULUCF), were 2,959 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO2e). Including LULUCF, emissions stood at 2,437 MtCO2e. This represents a 7.93% decrease compared to 2019 but a 98.34% increase since 1994.
Emission Intensity Reduction: The 36% decline in emission intensity of GDP from 2005 to 2020 indicates India’s success in reducing emissions relative to economic growth. This positions the country on track to meet its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) target of a 45% reduction by 2030.
Non-Fossil Fuel Energy Capacity: As of October 2024, non-fossil fuel sources accounted for 46.52% of India’s installed electricity generation capacity. The cumulative renewable power installed capacity, including large hydro projects, reached 203.2 gigawatts (GW). This progress supports India’s NDC goal of achieving 50% cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel-based energy resources by 2030.
Carbon Sink Enhancement: Between 2005 and 2021, India created an additional carbon sink of 2.29 billion tonnes through forest and tree cover, contributing to its commitment of generating an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes by 2030.
Sectoral Emissions Breakdown (2020)
Energy Sector: Contributed 75.66% of total emissions.
Agriculture: Accounted for 13.72%.
Industrial Processes and Product Use (IPPU): Made up 8.06%.
Waste: Comprised 2.56%.
Banking news
RBI Introduces New Guidelines for Bank Account Management and Fixed Deposits from January 2025
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has issued new guidelines effective from January 1, 2025, aimed at improving banking security and operational efficiency while mitigating fraud.
Closure of Specific Bank Accounts:
The guidelines mandate the closure of three types of bank accounts:
Dormant Accounts
Inactive Accounts
Zero Balance Accounts
This measure is expected to enhance security and optimize banking operations.
Revised Guidelines for Fixed Deposits (FDs) with NBFCs and HFCs: The RBI also introduced new rules for premature withdrawals from FDs with Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) and Housing Finance Companies (HFCs). The key provisions are:
For Small Deposits (up to ₹10,000):
Withdrawals Allowed: Full withdrawal permitted within three months of deposit.
Interest: No interest will be paid on these withdrawals.
For Larger Deposits (above ₹10,000):
Partial Withdrawals: Allowed up to 50% of the principal amount or ₹5 lakh, whichever is lower, within three months of deposit.
Interest: No interest will be provided on these partial withdrawals.
These changes reflect RBI’s continued efforts to balance depositor flexibility with the operational needs of financial institutions, ensuring a safer and more efficient banking environment.
Ranks and report news
India’s Readiness to Tackle Aging Population: Ranked 123rd Globally
A study published in the renowned medical journal Nature Aging has ranked India 123rd out of 143 countries on the Global Aging Index. The index, which evaluates the readiness of nations to address the challenges of an aging population, underscores the urgency for India to prepare for its demographic transition.
Global Rankings:
Top Performers:
Switzerland:
Secured the 1st position with the highest score of 82.3.
Norway: Ranked 2nd.
Denmark: Ranked 3rd.
Lowest Rankings:
Rwanda: Ranked 143rd (last), with a score of 36.6.
Followed by Togo (142nd), Afghanistan (141st), Benin (140th), and Malawi (139th).
India’s Demographic Profile:
Current Youth Dominance:
Over 50% of India’s population is below the age of 25.
Over 65% is below the age of 35, making India the youngest country in the world.
Future Outlook: India is poised to have the largest senior citizen population globally in the coming decades, necessitating robust aging-related policies.
About the Global Aging Index:
Developed by researchers from:
National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore.
Columbia University, New York, USA.
The index evaluates countries on parameters that measure their preparedness for the social, economic, and healthcare challenges posed by aging populations.
Science and tech news
Mission MAUSAM: Enhancing India’s Weather and Climate Readiness
Mission MAUSAM is a flagship initiative by the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) aimed at making India “Weather Ready” and “Climate Smart” by 2026. The program positions India as a global leader in weather and climate sciences while adhering to international standards. Approved by the Union Cabinet in September 2024, it has a total budget outlay of Rs 2,000 crore for two years.
Key Objectives:
Infrastructure Expansion:
Installation of 50 Doppler Weather Radars (DWR).
Setup of 60 Radio Sonde/Radio Wind (RS/RW) stations, 100 disdrometers, 10 wind profilers, and 25 radiometers.
Development of 1 urban test-bed, 1 process test-bed, 1 ocean research station, and 10 marine automatic weather stations with upper air observation.
Institutional Implementation:
Implemented by MoES through its premier institutions:
India Meteorological Department (IMD), New Delhi.
National Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), Noida, Uttar Pradesh.
Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), Pune, Maharashtra.
Collaborative Support:
Backed by allied institutions of MoES:
Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS), Hyderabad, Telangana.
National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
Significance:
Transformative Initiative: Boosts India’s capacity for weather and climate-related sciences and services.
Global Standards: Aligns India’s weather preparedness with international benchmarks.
Union Minister of MoES: Dr. Jitendra Singh, Minister of State (Independent Charge), Constituency: Udhampur, Jammu & Kashmir.
Ranks and report news
India’s Coffee Exports Surge to Record High in FY24
India’s coffee exports have reached a new milestone, achieving a record $1.14 billion between April and November in FY24, representing a 29% increase compared to the same period last year. This surge in exports has been driven by a combination of rising global demand for Robusta coffee and supply chain disruptions in major coffee-producing countries like Brazil and Vietnam. Additionally, India’s high-quality coffee, particularly from Karnataka, has found strong demand in premium global markets.
Key Highlights:
Export Growth:
Record exports: $1.14 billion in April-November FY24, up 29% from FY23 ($803.8 million).
Total exports for FY24: Increased by 12.22%, reaching $1.28 billion.
Major export markets: Italy, Russia, UAE, Germany, and Turkey.
Factors Driving Growth:
Rising Robusta Prices: Prices reached a peak of $4,667 per metric ton, a 63% increase from the previous year.
Supply Challenges in Competitor Nations:
Brazil’s coffee production decreased due to droughts and high temperatures.
Vietnam’s coffee yields are below historic levels.
EU Deforestation Regulation: The regulation, which will be enforced in December 2024, prompted stockpiling of coffee, increasing demand for Indian coffee.
India’s Coffee Global Standing:
India ranks as the 8th largest coffee producer globally.
The country produces two main types of coffee:
Arabica: Known for its mild, aromatic flavor and premium market value.
Robusta: Known for its stronger flavor and commonly used in blends, accounting for 72% of India’s total coffee production.
India is the 5th largest producer of Robusta coffee globally.
Regional Contributions:
Karnataka is the largest coffee producer, contributing 71% of India’s coffee.
Kerala follows as the second-largest producer, contributing 20%.
Tamil Nadu contributes 5%, with Nilgiri district known for its Arabica coffee.
Smaller contributions come from Odisha and the northeastern states.
Economic Impact:
Coffee cultivation provides direct employment to over 2 million people.
The export-oriented production helps minimize the impact of domestic consumption trends on the coffee industry.
Challenges Ahead: The EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), aimed at preventing imports linked to deforested lands, may challenge India’s coffee exports by increasing costs and complicating the $1.3 billion agricultural export market.
Appointment news
Sanjiv Ranjan Appointed Secretary General of IORA
In a significant diplomatic move, the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) announced in December 2024 the appointment of Senior IFS Officer Sanjiv Ranjan as the Secretary General of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) Secretariat in Ebene, Mauritius. He succeeds Salman Al-Farisi of Indonesia.
About Sanjiv Ranjan:
Indian Foreign Service (IFS): Joined the IFS in 1993, building a distinguished career in diplomacy, focusing on multilateral and bilateral cooperation.
Key Diplomatic Assignments (1995–2009):
Held positions in Madrid (Spain) and Lima (Peru).
Represented India at the Permanent Mission of India in New York, USA.
Served as Deputy High Commissioner of India to Mauritius (2006–2009).
About IORA: The Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) is an intergovernmental organization aimed at promoting sustainable development and regional cooperation among countries bordering the Indian Ocean. The Secretariat is based in Ebene, Mauritius.
Sanjiv Ranjan’s extensive experience in multilateral diplomacy is expected to enhance IORA’s objectives of fostering regional collaboration and growth.
Bhuvnesh Kumar new CEO of the UIDAI
Bhuvnesh Kumar, a 1995 batch IAS officer from the Uttar Pradesh cadre, took over as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) on 2 January 2025.
Previous Position:Bhuvnesh Kumar replaces Amit Aggarwal, who has been appointed as the Secretary of the Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Government of India.
Additional Role: Along with his role as CEO of UIDAI, Bhuvnesh Kumar will also serve as the Additional Secretary in the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), Government of India.
About Bhuvnesh Kumar:
Bhuvnesh Kumar has held several key positions in the Uttar Pradesh government, including:
Principal Secretary in the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairy Development, and Fisheries.
Secretary of Finance, MSME, Technical Education, and Divisional Commissioner in the Department of Land Revenue.
About UIDAI:
Establishment:UIDAI was set up in 2009 by the central government under the Planning Commission (now NITI Aayog).
Statutory Body: It became a statutory body in 2016 under the Aadhaar Act.
Current Ministry:UIDAI is currently under the Union Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).
Functions:UIDAI is responsible for issuing Unique Identification numbers (Aadhaar) to Indian residents and managing the Aadhaar enrolment and authentication processes.
About Aadhaar:
Definition: Aadhaar is a 12-digit alphanumeric biometric number used as proof of identity and residence for Indian residents.
Eligibility: A person who has resided in India for at least 182 days in the previous 12 months can apply for Aadhaar. Non-resident Indians (NRIs) and foreign citizens who meet this criteria can also apply.
Use: Aadhaar is mandatory for filing income tax returns in India and is widely used for various welfare and financial services.
Manish Singhal Appointed Secretary General of ASSOCHAM
The Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM), one of India’s oldest apex business chambers (established in 1920), has appointed Manish Singhal as its new Secretary General. Singhal, an industry veteran with over 35 years of experience, takes over from Deepak Sood, who served for five years and transformed the chamber’s operations, leaving behind a robust financial foundation. Singhal’s career spans leadership roles in organizations like Tata Motors, Eicher (Volvo), and FICCI, where he was Deputy Secretary General.
Leadership Transition and Contributions
Incoming Leadership: Singhal brings proven expertise in policy advocacy and international business, expected to help ASSOCHAM scale new heights.
Outgoing Legacy: Deepak Sood is credited with revitalizing ASSOCHAM, ensuring a healthy balance sheet, and enhancing the chamber’s influence.
Strategic Focus and Advocacy
ASSOCHAM continues to advocate for policy measures that bolster India’s economic ecosystem, representing 4.5 lakh members, including large corporations and MSMEs.
Pre-Budget Recommendations: The chamber recently suggested extending presumptive taxation to new-age businesses like data centers and cloud computing to simplify compliance and reduce tax disputes.
MSME Growth: Recommendations include establishing MSME universities for skill development and creating Integrated Infrastructure Townships to revive industrial estate programs.
Sports news
Vaishali bags bronze in 2024 World Blitz Championship Women’s section
R. Vaishali of India won the bronze medal in the women’s section of the 2024 FIDE World Blitz Championships, adding to the gold won by Koneru Humpy in the 2024 World Rapid Championship.
For the time in the history of the World Blitz Championship, the title of the Open section was shared between two players- Magnus Carlsen and Ian Nepomniachtchi. It was the seventh title for Magnus Carlsen while the first for Ian Nepomniachtch The women’s section was won by Chinese chess player Ju Wenjun.
2024 FIDE World Blitz Championship Highlights:
Venue and Date: Held in New York City, USA, on December 30-31, 2024, following the 2024 FIDE World Rapid Championship.
Women’s Section:
Gold: Ju Wenjun (China), who defeated Lei Tingjie (China) in the final.
Silver: Lei Tingjie (China).
Bronze: R. Vaishali (India), who reached the semifinals, defeating Zhu Jiner (China) in the quarterfinals but losing to Ju Wenjun.
Open Section:
Joint Winners: Magnus Carlsen (Norway) and Ian Nepomniachtchi (Russia) shared the title after a tied final (2-2 in four games and 3.5-3.5 in tiebreak). The FIDE President, Arkady Dvorkovich, approved the decision for both to be declared winners due to exhaustion.
About FIDE World Rapid and Blitz Championships:
FIDE organizes these annual championships in the Open and Women’s sections.
First World Rapid and Blitz Championship (Open): Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia (2013).
First Women’s FIDE World Rapid and Blitz Championship: Batumi, Georgia (2012).
Since 2017, both championships have been held simultaneously at the same venue.
About FIDE:
Full Name: International Chess Federation (FIDE), established in 1924 in Paris, France.
Headquarters: Lausanne, Switzerland.
President: Arkady Dvorkovich (Russia).
Deputy President: Viswanathan Anand (India).
Members: 201 national chess federations worldwide.
National Sports Award 2024 announced get the full List
The Union Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports announced the winners of the 2024 National Sports Awards on 2 January 2025. The award ceremony will be held at Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi on 17 January 2025, where President Droupadi Murmu will felicitate the winners.
About the National Sports Award: The National Sports Award consists of the following categories:
Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award (the highest sports award in India)
Arjuna Award
Dronacharya Award
Major Dhyan Chand Award
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Trophy
Rashtriya Khel Protsahan Puruskar
Except for the Rashtriya Khel Protsahan Puruskar, which is given for promoting sports, all other awards are presented to individual sports persons or coaches.
List of Winners of the 2024 National Sports Award:
1. Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award Winners:
Gukesh D (Chess)
Harmanpreet Singh (Hockey)
Praveen Kumar (Para-Athletics)
Manu Bhaker (Shooting)
2. Arjuna Award Winners:
Jyothi Yarraji (Athletics)
Annu Rani (Athletics)
Nitu Ghanghas (Boxing)
Saweety Boora (Boxing)
Vantika Agrawal (Chess)
Salima Tete (Hockey)
Abhishek (Hockey)
Sanjay (Hockey)
Jarmanpreet Singh (Hockey)
Sukhjeet Singh (Hockey)
Rakesh Kumar (Para-Archery)
Preeti Pal (Para-Athletics)
Jeevanji Deepthi (Para-Athletics)
Ajeet Singh (Para-Athletics)
Sachin Sarjerao Khilari (Para-Athletics)
Dharambir (Para-Athletics)
Pranav Soorma (Para-Athletics)
Hokato Hotozhe Sema (Para-Athletics)
Simran Sharma (Para-Athletics)
Navdeep Singh (Para-Athletics)
Nitesh Kumar (Para-Badminton)
Thulasimathi Murugesan (Para-Badminton)
Nithya Sre Sivan (Para-Badminton)
Manisha Ramadass (Para-Badminton)
Kapil Parmar (Para-Judo)
Mona Agarwal (Para-Shooting)
Rubina Francis (Para-Shooting)
Swapnil Kusale (Shooting)
Sarabjot Singh (Shooting)
Abhay Singh (Squash)
Sajan Prakash (Swimming)
Aman Sehrawat (Wrestling)
3. Arjuna Awards (Lifetime) Winners:
Sucha Singh (Athletics)
Murlikant Petkar (Para-Swimming)
4. Dronacharya Award Winners:
Regular Category:
Subhash Rana (Para-Shooting)
Deepali Deshpande (Shooting)
Sandeep Sangwan (Hockey)
Lifetime Category:
S Muralidharan (Badminton)
Armando Colaco (Football)
5. Rashtriya Khel Protsahan Puraskar Winner: Physical Education Foundation of India
6. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Trophy Winners:
Overall Winner University: Chandigarh University
1st Runner Up University: Lovely Professional University
2nd Runner Up University: Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar
Additional Award:
The Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award winner will be announced later.
These distinguished awards highlight the exemplary achievements in sports and honor those who have contributed significantly to the development and promotion of sports in India.
Important days news
Global Family Day: A Celebration of Unity, Love, and Peace
Global Family Day is observed every year on January 1, setting the tone for the new year by emphasizing peace, unity, and the importance of families in fostering joy and stability in our lives. The day highlights the connection between world peace, communities, and the strength of families.
History of Global Family Day:
Proposed in November 1997: The day was inspired by the book One Day In Peace.
UN Publication (January 1, 2000): It marked the beginning of the International Decade for the Culture of Peace and Non-Violence for the Children of the World.
Formal Declaration: UN members officially declared the celebration of Global Family Day in 1999.
Significance:
Unity in Diversity: Celebrates harmony and mutual understanding across different cultures and communities worldwide.
Peace Promotion: Highlights the need for peace and aims to reduce violence through awareness and action.
Community Engagement: Encourages activities like educational webinars and local celebrations that unite people for peace.
Global Awareness: Raises awareness of global conflicts and emphasizes the role families play in promoting peace and harmony.
Global Family Day encourages individuals and communities to take action in addressing conflicts, fostering understanding, and strengthening family bonds for a peaceful world.
Books and author news
Syed Kirmani Releases Autobiography “Stumped: Life Behind and Beyond the Twenty-Two Yards”
On December 29, 2024, legendary former Indian cricketer and wicket-keeper Syed Mujtaba Hussein Kirmani released his autobiography titled “Stumped: Life Behind and Beyond the Twenty-Two Yards” at a grand event in Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bengaluru, Karnataka.
Occasion:
The release coincided with Kirmani’s 75th birthday.
The book is published by Penguin Play.
Authorship:
Authored by Syed Kirmani over five years.
Co-authored by Debashish Sengupta and Dakshesh Pathak.
Content:
Chronicles Kirmani’s personal and professional journey, offering a deep dive into the world of 1980s cricket.
Features anecdotes from his 1983 ODI World Cup victory and life both on and off the field.
Title: Cost and benefit: On Bangladesh, India and Sheikh Hasina
Amidst signs that New Delhi and Dhaka are trying to resolve other issues that have marred their ties in the last few months, the issue of Bangladesh’s demand that India extradite Sheikh Hasina remains intractable, with neither side budging. In December, Indian Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri was able to convey during his Dhaka visit, that India remains a friend. He also reaffirmed the continuity in ties in trade, energy, infrastructure and connectivity; the two sides appear to have calmed the situation at the border as well. Finally, the government indicated to a parliamentary committee that while Ms. Hasina remains in Delhi as India’s guest, it had no truck with her political pronouncements and messages targeting Mr. Yunus. The situation seemed to shift last week, as Bangladesh sent New Delhi a “note verbale” or diplomatic missive demanding Ms. Hasina’s extradition to face trial for cases that include corruption, and a Dhaka-based International Crimes Tribunal charge that she had perpetrated ‘crimes against humanity’ in ordering a police crackdown on student protesters. The India-Bangladesh extradition treaty of 2013, amended in 2016, sets out the course of procedures quite clearly, which needs to be pursued through a more formal representation from Bangladesh to India. The note verbale appears to be meant only to assuage domestic political constituencies, while India’s External Affairs Ministry’s response — not rejecting it outright — seems to be a non-escalatory way of dealing with the situation.
While the legalities of the request can be the subject of protracted negotiations, it is important to ensure that the issue does not hold India-Bangladesh relations hostage. The Yunus government must understand that the history of India’s relationship with Ms. Hasina and her family is forged in the sacrifices made in both countries for the liberation of Bangladesh. The assassination of her father, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, and members of her family in 1975, and her first exile in India, strengthened the bond. It is futile to expect that India would simply hand Ms. Hasina over, when she has sought refuge here, and no amount of coercive pressure could force an Indian government to comply. The decision to shelter the Dalai Lama in 1959, for example, has not wavered despite Chinese pressure. Furthermore, bringing Ms. Hasina to account is not the mandate of the interim regime, and should be pursued by a government duly elected by the Bangladeshi people. In Delhi, there must be a recognition that the actions of Ms. Hasina’s government have scarred the nation. The fact that she is making political statements with ease from Indian soil is likely to embitter ties and New Delhi must conduct a full cost-benefit analysis of how helpful these statements are. Given the consequences of a tense border and geopolitical turmoil, both countries must learn to deal with the issue diplomatically — in a separate silo from other aspects of their important relationship.
Meaning of the word:
Word
Meaning
Synonyms
Antonyms
Intractable
The word “intractable” means something that is difficult to manage, deal with, or solve. It is often used to describe problems, situations, or people that are stubborn or resistant to change or control.
Unmanageable Stubborn Obstinate Refractory
Manageable Compliant Flexible Docile
Reaffirmed
“Reaffirmed” means to confirm or assert something again, especially to reinforce a belief, decision, or statement. It is used when someone restates or strengthens a previous commitment, opinion, or promise to emphasize its validity or importance.
Reasserted Confirmed Restated Reconfirmed
Denied Disavowed Rejected Contradicted
Futile
“Futile” means something that is pointless, ineffective, or incapable of producing any useful result. It refers to actions or efforts that are in vain or unlikely to succeed.
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National news
India’s first glass bridge over sea inaugurated in Kanyakumari
Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M K Stalin inaugurated India’s first glass bridge over the sea in Kanyakumari on 31st December 2024. The glass bridge connects the Vivekananda Rock Memorial and the 133-foot Thiruvalluvar statue in the Kanyakumari district.
Location: Connects Vivekananda Rock Memorial and Thiruvalluvar Statue.
Specifications:
Length: 77 meters
Width: 10 meters
Height: 133 feet
Purpose: Offers an alternative to ferries for tourists; boosts tourism.
Cost: ₹37 crore.
Significance: Marks the Silver Jubilee of Thiruvalluvar Statue’s unveiling.
Longest Glass Bridge in India
Location: Vagamon, Idukki district, Kerala.
Specifications:
Length: 40 meters
Altitude: 3600 feet.
Longest Glass Bridge in the World
Location: Zhangjiajie, Hunan province, China.
Specifications:
Length: 430 meters
Width: 6 meters
Height: 300 meters above the ground.
Thirukkural Week Announcement: CM Stalin declared the last week of December as “Thirukkural Week” to promote poet Thiruvalluvar’s teachings.
India’s greenhouse gas emissions drop 7.93% in 2020, GDP emission intensity down by 36% since 2005
India’s efforts to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions have borne fruit, as the country’s emissions fell by 7.93 per cent in 2020 compared to the previous year. Data submitted to the UN climate change office reveals a decline in the emission intensity of India’s GDP by 36 per cent from 2005 to 2020.
Key Achievements
Emission Reduction in 2020:
A 7.93% decline in emissions compared to 2019.
Total emissions in 2020: 2,959 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent (excluding land use change).
Emission Intensity Decline:
Reduction of 36% in GDP emission intensity from 2005 to 2020.
On track to achieve a 45% reduction by 2030.
Non-Fossil Fuel Capacity Goal: Aiming for 50% of electric power capacity from non-fossil fuels by 2030.
Challenges
Emissions increased by 98.34% since 1994.
Energy production, agriculture, and industry remain major emission sources.
Global Reporting: India submitted its fourth Biennial Update Report (BUR-4) to the UNFCCC.
Outlook: India is successfully decoupling economic growth from emissions, maintaining its development while meeting climate commitments.
Groundwater recharge up by 15 billion cubic meters:Jal Shakti Ministry
The Groundwater recharge in the country has increased by 15 billion cubic meters and the groundwater extraction has declined by 3 billion cubic meters from the 2017 to 2024 period.
The latest status of the groundwater recharge in the country ending 31st December 2024 was released by the Union Ministry of Jal Shakti in its Dynamic Ground Water Resource Assessment Report 2024.
The groundwater assessment was carried out by the Central Ground Water Board(CGWB), under the Union Jal Shakti ministry, in collaboration with the States and Union Territories.
Key Findings from the Report:
Total Groundwater Recharge: The total annual groundwater recharge in India stands at 446.90 billion cubic meters (BCM).
Annual Extractable Groundwater Resource: The extractable groundwater resource annually is 406.19 BCM.
Annual Groundwater Extraction: The annual groundwater extraction for all purposes is 245.64 BCM.
Stage of Groundwater Extraction: The average stage of groundwater extraction in India is 60.47%.
Trends in Recharge from Tanks, Ponds, and Water Conservation Structures: There has been a consistent increase in groundwater recharge from tanks, ponds, and water conservation structures.
From 2017 to 2024, the recharge from these sources increased by 11.36 BCM (from 13.98 BCM in 2017 to 25.34 BCM in 2024).
Compared to 2023, there was an increase of 0.39 BCM in 2024.
Percentage of Safe Assessment Units:
The percentage of assessment units (blocks, mandals, talukas) under the Safe category increased from 62.6% in 2017 to 73.4% in 2024 (up from 73.14% in 2023).
Percentage of Over-Exploited Assessment Units: The percentage of over-exploited units decreased from 17.24% in 2017 to 11.13% in 2024 (down from 11.23% in 2023).
Overall Groundwater Trends: Groundwater recharge has increased by 15 billion cubic meters, while groundwater extraction has decreased by 3 billion cubic meters from 2017 to 2024.
What is Groundwater Recharge?
Groundwater Recharge is the process by which water replenishes the underground water table. This can occur naturally through rainfall, snowmelt, or through artificial methods like rainwater harvesting. If recharge rates are lower than extraction rates, it can lead to a drop in the water table, potentially causing a water crisis.
The findings indicate that the efforts to increase groundwater recharge, such as promoting rainwater harvesting and improving water conservation infrastructure, have had positive results. However, continued attention to sustainable water management is essential to maintaining these gains.
Swiggy Partners with NSE to Empower Delivery Partners with Financial Literacy
On December , 2024, Swiggy Limited, an Indian online food delivery and e-commerce platformheadquartered in Bengaluru, Karnataka, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with the National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) to launch a financial literacy program for Swiggy’s delivery partners. This program focuses on empowering women in the workforce.
Key Highlights:
Targeting Women Empowerment: Swiggy aims to have 1 lakh women delivery partners by 2030, offering them financial training led by trainers certified by the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).
Part of Broader Initiatives: The financial literacy program is a part of Swiggy’s larger efforts, including initiatives like “She the Change” and “Swiggy Skills”, aimed at promoting workforce empowerment and financial inclusion.
Event Guest: Amruta Fadnavis, Vice-President of Axis Bank and wife of Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis, was the Chief Guest at the event.
About Swiggy:
Founded: 2014
MD & CEO: [Name not specified in the provided text]
Headquarters: Bengaluru, Karnataka
Economy news
Interest rates remain unchanged on National Small Saving Schemes
The National Small Savings Schemes are government-backed financial schemes offered to the public through post offices and certain banks. They offer secure investment options and attractive interest rates, with deposits guaranteed by the Government of India.The interest rates on these schemes are reviewed quarterly by the Ministry of Finance.
Categories of Schemes
The National Small Savings Schemes are divided into three categories:
Post Office Deposits
Savings Certificates
Social Security Schemes
Post Office Deposits & Interest Rates
Savings Accounts
Minimum opening: ₹500 (no maximum limit)
Interest rate: 4% per annum
This is the only savings account not regulated by the RBI.
Recurring Deposit
Minimum opening: ₹100, and ₹10 per month
No maximum limit
Interest rate: 6.7% per annum
Maturity period: 5 years
Time Deposit Accounts
Maturity: 1 to 5 years (interest rate varies from 6.9% to 7.5% depending on the duration)
Minimum opening: ₹1000 (no maximum limit)
Principal and interest are paid at maturity
National Monthly Income Account
Duration: 5 years
Interest rate: 7.4% per annum (paid monthly)
Minimum opening: ₹1000
Maximum limit: ₹9 lakhs for single accounts, ₹15 lakhs for joint accounts
National Citizen Savings Scheme
For persons above 60 years of age
Minimum opening: ₹1000, Maximum: ₹30 lakhs
Interest rate: 8.2% per annum (paid quarterly)
Duration: 5 years
Sukanya Samridhi Yojana
For girls below 10 years of age
Interest rate: 8.2% per annum
Minimum opening: ₹250, Maximum: ₹1.5 lakhs per year
Duration: 15 years, with closure after 21 years or upon marriage after 18 years of age
Use of Deposits: The funds collected from these savings schemes are pooled into the National Small Savings Fund (NSSF), which is used by the government to meet its fiscal deficit.
Banking news
YES Bank Launches ‘YES PowherUp’ Programme to Empower Women Entrepreneurs
In December 2024, YES Bank, India’s 6th largest private sector bank, in collaboration with the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) Ladies Organisation (FLO), launched ‘YES PowherUp’. This specialized MSME programme is designed to empower women entrepreneurs and support the growth of their businesses.
Key Features of ‘YES PowherUp’:
SME Loans: Offers funding solutions with a 50% processing fee waiver for FICCI FLO members.
YES First Business Account: Premium business accounts offering exclusive benefits for women entrepreneurs.
Trade & Forex Solutions: Provides access to international markets with specialized trade and forex services.
Investment Solutions: Enables beneficiaries to trade up to Rs 1.5 crore at zero brokerage for 60 days via YES Securities.
Card Solutions: Business credit cards with low foreign currency markups for domestic and international use.
Insurance Plans: Tailored insurance plans for asset protection, cancer coverage, and discounted term plans.
About YES Bank:
MD & CEO: Prashant Kumar
Headquarters: Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established: 2004
Tagline: “Experience our expertise”
About FICCI Ladies Organisation (FICCI FLO):
President: Joyshree Das Verma
Headquarters: New Delhi, Delhi
Established: 1983
Scheme news
Govt launches ONOS to provide seamless access to digital knowledge resources
The Government has launched the “One Nation, One Subscription” scheme starting today. This initiative aims to provide seamless access to a wide range of digital knowledge resources, including research papers, journals, and academic content, under a single subscription platform.
Key Features
Access for Government Institutions:
1.8 crore students from government-funded higher education institutions, including universities and IITs.
Covers 13,400+ international journals in fields like science, technology, engineering, medicine, social sciences, and humanities.
Phased Expansion: Future phases to extend access to private educational institutions and eventually all individuals in the country.
Budget Allocation:
₹6,000 crore for three years.
₹150 crore/year for authors to publish in selected Open Access journals.
Administration: Centrally negotiated and funded through a National Consortium for electronic journal subscriptions.
Benefits
Eliminates multiple subscription barriers.
Ensures equitable access to global research resources.
Promotes high-quality research and academic publication in India.
Defence news
Defence Ministry declares 2025 as ‘Year of Reforms’ to enhance combat readiness and Technological Advancements
The Ministry of Defence has declared 2025 as the Year of Reforms in order to give impetus to the on-going and future reforms in the Defence Sector.
On the eve of the New Year, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh chaired a crucial meeting with all Secretaries of the Ministry of Defence to review the progress on various key schemes, projects, and reforms.
Overview
Objective: Accelerate ongoing and future reforms in the defence sector.
Launch: Defence Minister Rajnath Singh chaired a review meeting with Ministry Secretaries.
Vision: Transform the Armed Forces into a technologically advanced, combat-ready force for multi-domain integrated operations.
Key Focus Areas
Defence Modernisation:
Adoption of technologies like Artificial Intelligence, drones, and cyber warfare.
Enhancing defence manufacturing and infrastructure.
Improving procurement processes.
Synergy and Integration:
Foster cohesion between various branches of the Armed Forces.
Strengthen public-private partnerships through technology transfer and ease of doing business.
Global Competitiveness:
Position India as a credible exporter of defence products.
Promote Research and Development (R&D) in defence technologies.
Welfare Measures: Optimisation of support systems for veterans.
Expected Outcomes
Enhanced operational efficiency and preparedness.
A robust, self-reliant defence ecosystem.
Strengthened national security with cutting-edge technologies.
Enhancing India’s Naval Capabilities: MoD Signs Contracts for AIP and Torpedo Integration
On December 30, 2024, the Ministry of Defence (MoD) signed two major contracts worth Rs 2,867 crore to enhance the operational capabilities of India’s naval assets:
AIP Plug Construction and Integration:
Value: Rs 1,990 crore.
Contractor: Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL), Mumbai.
Objective: To construct and integrate the Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) Plug for the DRDO-AIP system on Indian submarines. The AIP technology, developed by DRDO’s Naval Materials Research Laboratory (NMRL), will enhance the endurance of conventional submarines by allowing them to stay submerged longer without requiring atmospheric oxygen.
Integration of Electronic Heavy Weight Torpedo (EHWT) on Kalvari-Class Submarines:
This contract will integrate EHWT onto Kalvari-class (Scorpene) submarines, enhancing their firepower.
Kalvari-Class Submarines: Diesel-electric attack submarines built at MDL with technology transfer from the Naval Group. Capable of conducting a variety of missions, including anti-surface warfare, anti-submarine warfare, long-range strikes, special operations, and intelligence gathering.
Key Organizations Involved: Naval Group: CEO Pierre-Eric Pommellet; Founded in 1631; Headquarters in Paris, France.
Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL): Chairman & Managing Director Sanjeev Singhal; Established in 1934; Headquarters in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
Science and tech news
India’s Space Economy will grow 5 times from $8.4 billion to $44 Billion by 2033: Dr. Jitendra Singh
India’s space economy is set to grow nearly five times in the next decade, from $8.4 billion to around $44 billion.
Investments: In 2023, investments in India’s space sector reached ₹1,000 crore.
Global Leadership in Space
Space Biology: Under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s leadership, India aims to lead in space biology.
Foreign Exchange Earnings: India’s space sector has become a significant foreign exchange earner, with 85% of the €220 million earned through launching foreign satellites in the past 8 years.
Space Docking Experiment (SPADEX)
Achievement: ISRO’s Space Docking Experiment (SPADEX) places India alongside global leaders in space docking technology.
Significance:
Aims to develop and demonstrate spacecraft rendezvous, docking, and undocking technologies.
Key for future missions, including satellite servicing, space station operations, and interplanetary exploration.
Future Application: The docking system will be used in the Gaganyaan mission and India’s Space Station program.
Conclusion: India’s space sector is rapidly advancing, with significant investments and breakthroughs, positioning the country as a major global player in space technology.
Appointment news
Cherukumalli Srinivasa Rao Appointed as Director of IARI
In December 2024, Cherukumalli Srinivasa Rao, an agricultural scientist from Andhra Pradesh, was appointed as the Director of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi. He succeeded Dr. A.K. Singh, who retired in June 2024.
About Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI):
Founded: 1905 in Pusa, Bihar; relocated to New Delhi in 1936.
Renaming: The institute was renamed multiple times, becoming the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) after India’s independence.
Administered by: Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).
Chairman of ICAR: Ashok Kumar Singh
Headquarters: New Delhi, Delhi
IARI is one of India’s premier agricultural research institutes, playing a key role in agricultural research and development.
Air Marshal Jeetendra Mishra Takes Charge As Chief of IAF’s Western Command
Air Marshal Jeetendra Mishra today assumed command of the Indian Air Force’s Western Air Command. He was Commissioned into the Indian Air Force as a fighter pilot in December 1986. In his 38 years of service, the Air Marshal has tenanted important command and staff appointments.
Career Overview of Air Marshal Jeetendra Mishra
Commissioning: Joined the Indian Air Force in December 1986 as a fighter pilot.
Service Tenure: 38 years of distinguished service.
Key Roles: Held several critical command and staff positions throughout his career.
Books and author news
HM Amit Shah to preside over book release event for ‘Jammu Kashmir and Ladakh: Through the Ages’
Union Home Minister Amit Shah will preside over a book release function in New Delhi today as the Chief Guest. Union Education Minister, Dharmendra Pradhan will be the Guest of Honour. Eminent authors, academicians, officials of the Ministry and other dignitaries will also be present at the event.
Event Details
Occasion: Book release function in New Delhi.
Chief Guest: Union Home Minister Amit Shah.
Guest of Honour: Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan.
Attendees: Eminent authors, academicians, Ministry officials, and dignitaries.
About the Book: Title: Jammu Kashmir and Ladakh: Through the Ages.
Content:
Covers over 3,000 years of the region’s history.
Divided into seven sections presenting a comprehensive narrative.
Languages: Published in Hindi and English.
Collaboration: Joint effort by:
National Book Trust, India.
Indian Council of Historical Research (ICHR).
Sports news
33rd Santosh Trophy title for Bengal as they beat Kerala in the final
The most successful team in the history of the Santosh Trophy, West Bengal added one more to its collection by defeating Kerala in the final of the 78th edition of the Santosh Trophy. It was the 33rd Santosh Trophy for the Bengal team.
The final of the 78th edition of the Santosh Trophy 2024-25 was played at the GMC Balayogi Stadium in Hyderabad, Telangana on 31st December 2024.
Match Summary:
The 78th edition of the Santosh Trophy ended in a dramatic final where West Bengal defeated Kerala 1-0 after extra time. Both teams were locked at 0-0 at the end of regulation time. However, in the 4th minute of extra time, Robi Hansda scored the only goal of the match, securing West Bengal’s 33rd Santosh Trophy victory.
Award Winners:
Winners: West Bengal
Prize: Rs 5 Lakhs
Runners-Up: Kerala
Prize: Kamla Gupta Trophy and Rs 3 Lakhs
Peter Thangaraj Player of the Championship:Robi Hansda (West Bengal)
Tulsidas Balaram Player of the Final:Robi Hansda (West Bengal)
Tournament Details:
The 78th Santosh Trophy was held from 14th to 31st December 2024, hosted by the Telangana Football Association in Hyderabad.
31 teams participated, with the group stage held across various parts of the country.
The top four teams from each group qualified for the quarterfinals.
Groupings in Final Round:
Group A: West Bengal, Manipur, Services, Jammu & Kashmir, Telangana, Rajasthan
Group B: Goa, Delhi, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Meghalaya, Odisha
Semifinal Results:
West Bengal defeated Services 4-2
Kerala defeated Manipur 5-1
About the Santosh Trophy:
The Santosh Trophy is a premier state-level football tournament for men in India, organized by the All India Football Federation (AIFF).
The tournament was inaugurated in 1941, and its first edition was won by West Bengal.
West Bengal is the most successful team in the history of the tournament, with 33 titles.
Other top teams include Punjab (8 titles), and Kerala and Services, who share the third spot with 7 titles each.
Volodar Murzin & India’s Koneru Humpy Won 2024 FIDE World Rapid C’ship
Koneru Humpy of India and the Russian Volodar Murzin respectively won the women’s and Open titles at the 2024 FIDE World Rapid Championships. It was the second FIDE World Rapid Championship for Humpy while the Russian Volodar Muzrin became the second-youngest player to win the Championship in the Open section.
The 2024 FIDE World Rapid Championship was held in New York City, the United States of America 26-29 December 2024.
The 2024 FIDE World Blitz Championship will be held at the same venue on 30 and 31 December 2024.
Women’s Title – Koneru Humpy:
Champion: Koneru Humpy (India)
Score: 8.5/11 rounds
Second World Rapid Title: This victory marks Koneru Humpy’s second World Rapid Championship title, following her first win in 2019 in Moscow, Russia.
Despite losing her first game, Humpy emerged victorious in the final round, defeating Indonesian International Master Irine Kharisma Sukandar, securing her spot atop the leaderboard.
Dronavalli Harika finished 5th with 8 points.
Open Title – Volodar Murzin:
Champion: Volodar Murzin (Russia)
Score: 10/11 rounds
Maiden Title: The 18-year-old Russian player claimed his first World Rapid Championship by defeating Armenian GM Karen Grigoryan in the final round.
Murzin becomes the second-youngest player to win the World Rapid title, after Nodirbek Abdusattorov (Uzbekistan) won it in 2021 at 17.
Arjun Erigaisi (India) finished in 5th position with 9 points.
Key Highlights:
Grischuk and Nepomniachtchi shared second place in the Open section with 9.5 points.
Russia, despite being banned by FIDE from official competition, had players participate under the FIDE banner due to the ongoing political situation.
FIDE World Championships:
FIDE organizes three World Chess Championships annually in Classical, Rapid, and Blitz formats.
FIDE first organized the Open section of the World Rapid and Blitz Championship in 2013 in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia.
The Women’s section began in 2012 in Batumi, Georgia.
Indian Chess Achievements:
Viswanathan Anand won the 2017 World Rapid Title (Open section) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Koneru Humpy has now won the World Rapid title twice (2019, 2024).
India has not yet won a title in the Blitz format.
About FIDE:
FIDE (International Chess Federation) is the global governing body for chess, overseeing worldwide competition.
Headquarters: Lausanne, Switzerland
President: Arkady Dvorkovich (Russia)
Members: 201 national chess federations.
World Boxing Adds Asia as Newest Member, India Takes Key Roles
In December 2024, World Boxing (formerly known as the Association Internationale de Boxe Amateur, AIBA) welcomed Asia as a new member by forming a new Asian Confederation. This move aims to enhance the development, representation, and promotion of boxing across Asia. The decision followed a vote by the Asian Boxing Confederation (ASBC) members during the Congress held in Bangkok, Thailand, to remain part of the International Boxing Association (IBA).
India’s Prominent Role in the Expansion: India emerged as a key player in this strategic expansion, with several key appointments within the new interim Asian Boxing body.
Key Appointments and Their Roles:
Ajay Singh (President of the Boxing Federation of India, BFI) was appointed as a board member of the new Asian Boxing Confederation.
Hemanta Kumar Kalita (Secretary General of BFI) was included in the Olympic Commission.
Digvijay Singh (Treasurer of BFI) was appointed to the Finance and Audit Committee, where he will ensure fiscal oversight and accountability.
Narender Kumar Nirwan (Vice President of BFI, North Zone) will serve on the Constitution Commission, helping to shape the governance structure of the new confederation.
India’s growing prominence in international boxing is reflected in these pivotal roles, signaling a significant step in strengthening boxing’s presence and influence in Asia.
Key Appointments and Roles:
DP Bhatt (Chairman of the Boxing Federation of India’s Disciplinary & Disputes Commission) will join the Sports and Competition Commission.
Dr. Karanjeet Singh will represent India on the newly formed Medical Commission, contributing to the health and well-being of athletes.
Lovlina Borgohain (Tokyo 2020 Olympic bronze medalist) has been appointed to the Athlete Commission. As one of three members, she will advocate for enhanced training facilities, equal opportunities, and robust support systems for boxers across Asia to help them excel on the global stage.
Lovlina Borgohain’s achievements include a bronze medal at the Tokyo 2020 Olympics and a gold medal at the 2022 Commonwealth Games.
Upcoming Events in India: India is set to host two major boxing events:
World Boxing Cup Final 2025 and World Boxing Congress 2025 in New Delhi, scheduled for November 2025. These events will position India as a central hub for global boxing development and increase its prominence in the sport.
